is an excerpt from a letter to the editors of the Nelw llgiaouJi The following (
ID: 3510677 • Letter: I
Question
is an excerpt from a letter to the editors of the Nelw llgiaouJi The following (338:1226-1227; April 23, 1998): Plasmapheresis was performed in an elderly man who had myeloma [a type of cancerl with renal insufficiency. One plasma volume exchange was ordered, with 5 percent albumin as replacement solution.... Because of the lack of availability of 5 percent albumin, the hospital pharmacy used 25 percent albumin and diluted this solution 1:4 with sterile water to achieve a 5 percent solution. Reference was made to Trissel's Handbook on Injectable Drugs, the 1994 edition of which states, "A 5% solution may be prepared from the 25% product by adding 1 volume of the 25% albumin to 4 volumes of sterile water or an infusion solution such as dextrose 5% in water or sodium chloride 0.9%" The pharmacist used sterile water as described in the handbook, [causingl severe hemolysis in the patient. Plasmapheresis is a process in which the fluid part of the blood, called plasma, is separated from blood cells by a device known as a cell separator. The red blood cells are reinjected into the patient. This procedure is used in the treatment of many diseases, particularly auto-immune diseases. (It is also what happens when you donate plasma.) To maintain blood volume, the plasma must be replaced with other liquids. A common replacement fluid is a 5% albumin solution dissolved in water with sodium chloride added to balance the ion concentration of the solution. (Albumin is a protein found in blood plasma. You'll learn why it needs to be added back when we talk about circulation; don't let it distract you. A solution of 0.9% sodium chloride is isotonic to red blood cells.) Hemolysis occurs when red blood cells swell and then burst. Again, the key facts: a 25% albumin solution in water containing 0.9% NaCl was diluted to 5% albumin using sterile, pure water. The resulting 5% albumin solution was then injected into a patient whose blood cells ruptured. Why did the red blood cells burst in these patients? Your answer should (1) name the physical process that occurred to cause hemolysis, (2) explain how that physical process occurred, and (3) describe the tonicity of the injected solution. O osmosis Te-Blood, has a warn ndiens than thee inudle a bCeu.is slotion Cauulng a pull from occores blc the rondom mevemun bounces po makina he Solutien ull into thu Cell Ou Hy po bonic SolutiohExplanation / Answer
1-The red blood cell burst due to osmosis bcoz whn a cell is placed in a osmotic solution the solution starts to inter in cell by osmosis and due to weakness of cell membrane. And the osmotic presaure is increased in cell that cause the burst of cell.
2-Haemolysis-it is an process in which red blood cell starts to burst and this process occure due to changes in the osmotic pressure of red blood cell or changes the internal environment which cause the lysis of blood cell due to changes in osmolarity.
3-An hypotonic injection with a concentration of 0.9%NaCl solution which will cause the increse in intracellular osmotic pressure and cause repture of cell
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.