True or False Endurance training increases the oxidative capacity of a muscle ce
ID: 3510733 • Letter: T
Question
True or False
Endurance training increases the oxidative capacity of a muscle cell
Gap junctions have only been identified in cardiac muscle.
The arrector pili muscles and ciliary muscles are multi-unit smooth muscles.
The latch state in smooth muscle allows it to maintain contraction for long periods of time.
The electrical conduction in the heart is slowest in the Bundle of His
The Starling forces help in predicting the blood flow in the capillary bed
Afterload is the amount of blood in the ventricles right before they begin to contract
Both medullary vasomotor and cardiac control centers integrate the baroreceptor reflex
ADH secretion is stimulated when osmo-receptors in the hypothalamus detect changes in blood osmolarity and osmotic pressure
Rate of blood flow is proportional to the length and the pressure difference between the two ends of a blood vessel.
Colloid osmotic pressure is due to presence of dissolved protein in the fluid
Cardiac output increases as heart rate increases
Under resting conditions, all of the body's blood is pumped through the left ventricle in one minute.
The ventricles pump an average of 50-60 mL of blood per minute.
Stroke volume is increased as systemic blood pressure increases.
The Frank-Starling law of the heart describes an intrinsic regulation of stroke volume.
According to the Frank-Starling Law of the heart, as contraction strength increases the stroke volume decreases
As cardiac muscle is stretched, it contracts less forcibly.
Preload is the amount of blood in the ventricles right before they begin to contract.
At rest, most blood is within the venous system.
Oncotic pressure is the difference between the colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma and the colloid osmotic pressure of tissue fluid.
Edema may result from increased plasma protein concentrations.
ADH secretion is stimulated when osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect a decrease in blood osmolality.
The kidneys play a major role regulating blood volume
For blood to flow, there must be a pressure difference in different parts of the vascular system.
Tripling blood vessel radius would increase blood flow 64-fold.
A decrease in total peripheral resistance would cause blood flow to increase
Sympathetic stimulation promotes an overall increase in blood flow resistance.
Sympathetic stimulation of cholinergic fibers in the arterioles of skeletal muscle will produce vasoconstriction
Parasympathetic stimulation of arterioles is a major contributor to total peripheral resistance.
If cardiac output increases, the peripheral resistance must decrease for arterial blood pressure to remain constant.
The larger the cross-sectional area of a type of vessel, the higher the blood pressure
The frequency of action potentials in sensory nerves associated with the arterial baroreceptors is directly proportional to mean arterial pressure.
Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
Explanation / Answer
1. True.
2. False.
3. True. All the fibres in a multi-unit smooth muscle contract as a single unit.
4. True. Smooth muscles can remain contracted for a long period by lowering the consumption of ATP by a mechanism called Latch.
5. False.
6. True.
7. False. Pre-load is the amount of blood in the ventricles right before they begin to contract. After-load is the ventricular pressure at the end of systole.
8. True.
9. True. When blood volume decreases and osmotic concentration of blood increases, the Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect the change. and trigger the release of ADH from the posterior lobe of pituitary.
10. True.
11. True. These proteins help in pulling water into the blood by increasing the osmotic prtessure of the blood.
12. True. Cardiac output = Heart rate x stroke volume.
13. True.
14. False. Ventricle pumps about 4900ml. blood per minute.
15. False.
16. True.
17. True.
18. False. More stretching leads to more forceful contraction of the heart muscles.
19. True.
20.. True.
21. True.
22.. False. Fluid leaks from the capillaries to surrounding tissues as blood in the capillary has low osmotic pressure due to decreased plasma proteins.
23. False.
24. True.
25. True.
26. False.
27 . True.. Vasodilation decreases peripheral resistance and increases blood flow.
28. True.
29. False. Vasodilation.
30. False.
31. True.
32. False. Larger the cross sectional area, lower will be the blood pressure.
33. True.
34. True.
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