Nancy frowned. She was worried about Joe. His blood pressure was high and he ref

Question

Nancy frowned. She was worried about Joe. His blood pressure was high and he refused to take his blood pressure medication regularly. He also refused to start exercising or changing his eating and smoking habits. As the game went on Nancy noticed that Joe seemed a little more short of breath than usual and was beginning to sweat. “Joe,” said Nancy “are you feeling alright? You don’t look good”. “I think it’s a little bit of indigestion,” he said. “You shouldn’t have put so many hot peppers on the nachos”. “Where does it hurt?” asked Nancy. “Well,” said Joe with some effort, “I feel it mostly in my chest, but my jaw is aching and I can kind of feel pain in my arm”. Nancy, having read extensively on the symptoms of a heart attack, immediately picked up the phone and called 911.   The ambulance arrived quickly, and the paramedics administered oxygen and intravenous isotonic saline to Joe. They also administered a drug called a tissue plasminogen activator. “It’s good that you called right away” the paramedic told Nancy. “While they will confirm it with tests at the hospital, I am absolutely sure that your husband is having a heart attack”.

6. If Joe is having a heart attack, how might administration of oxygen be helpful?


7. What effect would administration of isotonic saline have on:

a) Joe’s extracellular fluid volume:

b) Joe’s plasma osmolarity:

c) Joe’s MAP:


8. How does a tissue plasminogen activator help a victim of a heart attack?

Explanation / Answer

Oxygen therapy in heart attack improves O2 supply to the dying cardiac muscle

7-isotonic solution administration expands extra Cellular fluid compartment

8-Tissue plasminogen activator is a thrombolytic agent that dissolves blood clot which causes heart attack

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