The Different Effects of Excitation and Inhibition in Neural Circuit (series #1)

Question

The Different Effects of Excitation and Inhibition in Neural Circuit (series #1) Neural circuit consists of polysynaptic neural network, combination of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. This exercise helps to understand the effects of excitation and inhibition in the nervous system Our body is dynamically active under physiology condition. As a result, there are basal levels of activity such as 70 beats/min of heart rate at resting condition. Either increased or decreased activities are relative to the baseline. The effects of excitation are easily understood--one neuron activates another neuron. However when inhibition is introduced into circuits, analysis become more complicated. In fact, the numbers of inhibitory neurons in the circuit determine the final effect of the circuit, which can be excitation or inhibition, on the target organ or area. We assume all excitatory and inhibitory neurons are glutamate and GABA neurons, respectively, in this practice sheet. The glutamate and GABA neurons generate EPSP and IPSP, resulting in depolarization and hyperpolarization on the postsynaptic membrane, respectively Excitatory neuron Inhibitory neuron 1. 2. 4.

Explanation / Answer

1. The neural circuit leads to IPSP or hyperpolarization as the last neuron is a inhibitory.

2. This neural circuit leads to EPSP or depolarization.

3. This neural circuit leads to IPSP or hyperpolrization as the ending neuron is a inhibitory.

4. This neural circuit leads to IPSP or hyperpolarization as the inhibitory signal dominates this circuit.

5. This neural circuit leads to IPSP or hyperpolarization as the ending neuron is a inhibitory.

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