16. Where are gap junctions commonly found? A) single-unit smooth muscle only B)

Question

16. Where are gap junctions commonly found? A) single-unit smooth muscle only B) multi-unit smooth muscle only C) cardiac muscle only D) both single-unit smooth muscle and cardiac muscle E) both single-unit and multi-unit smooth muscle Section II: Short answer questions. Answer any 6 questions. Each correct and complete answer is worth 3 points. 17. The graphs in the figure to the left are R recordings of contractions in isolated frog heart subjected to various treatments. Based on these four graphs what conclusion you draw about the mechanism of action of atropine? (Atropine does not cross the plasma membrane) (add epinephrine + atropine (add ACh) (add ACh+ atropine)

Explanation / Answer

16. gap junction found in both single unit smooth muscle and cardiac muscle.

17. In graph B and graph D , atropine blocks the effects of acetylcholine and inhibits the effects of parasympathetic activity on the heart, smooth muscles, and glands. If  cardiac rate is reduced as a result of vagal stimulation, therefore, the administration of atropine will increase this rate

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