Ms. Smith is a 45-year-old African-American woman referred to the renal clinic b

Question

Ms. Smith is a 45-year-old African-American woman referred to the renal clinic by her primary care physician for evaluation of renal insufficiency. She was diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes mellitus five years ago. She reports taking all of her blood pressure and diabetes medications consistently. Two years ago, she lost her health insurance when she was laid off work. Her blood pressure and diabetes were under excellent control at that time and she thought she no longer needed to take her medications. She subsequently found a new job but did not have time to see her new primary care physician until recently because of a busy work schedule.

1. What is chronic kidney disease?

2. What are the risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease?

3. Describe what primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention would include for kidney disease?

4. What are controllable risk factors for kidney disease?

5. What are uncontrollable risk factors for kidney disease?

6. How important is having a primary care physician to the control of her diseases? Please explain.

Explanation / Answer

1. Chronic kidney disease is a condition characterized by gradual loss of kidney function leading to renal failure. Chronic kidney disease may also lead to complication of the heart and blood vessels.

2. Risk factors for chronic kidney disease include race, age, gender and family history. Smoking, obesity, diabetes and hypertension are important risk factors for the develpment of chronic kidney disease.

3. Primary prevention of kidney disease focusses on the preventing the onset of the disease.

Secondary prevention focusses on early detection of the disease inorder to start appropriate managment strategies.

Tertiary prevention focusses on the plan of action in order to reduce the burden of established advanced disease.

4. Controllable risk factors for kidney disease include high blood pressure, diabetes, eating proteins and fats, long term use of painkillers and certain antibiotics.

5. Uncontrollable risk factors include age, race, gender and family history.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse M
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.