F. THE CRANIAL NERVES 1. Some of the terms rela some of the terms relating to th

Question

F. THE CRANIAL NERVES 1. Some of the terms rela some of the terms relating to the brain come from the following roots and preni. with its meaning. Some have already been matched for you. ting to the brain come from the following roots and prefixes. Match each F Glossa Audere Olfactory A. wandering like a "vagabond" B. to move "away" or take "away" C. low, below D. throat E. eye F. tongue G. small chamber H. to hear I. pertaining to smell J. snail like structure J Cochlea hypo- Vestibule D Pharynx Tri K Trochlea oculus/ophthalmos Abduct K. small pulley L. three vagus 2. Using the previous table to help you, match each of the cranial nerves below with their description. nerve with three branches nerve that many branches that wander olfactory nerve . vagus . oculomotor . hypoglossal nerve carrying sensory impulses of smell nerve carrying sensory impulses of hearing and balance trigeminal nerve carrying sensory impulses of hearing nerve carrying sensory impulses of vision . abducens 120

Explanation / Answer

A)

Audere - H. to hear
Olfactory - I. Pertaining to smell
Hypo- C. Low, below
Vestibule - G. Small chamber
Tri- L.Three
Oculus/opthalmos - E. Eye
Abduct- B. To move away or take away
Vagus- A. Wandering like a vagabond

B)

Nerve with three branches - trigeminal
(The trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve ) is a nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing; it is the largest of the cranial nerves. Its name ("trigeminal" = tri-, or three, and - geminus, or twin: thrice-twinned) derives from the fact that each of the two nerves (one on each side of the pons) has three major branches: the ophthalmic nerve (V1), the maxillary nerve (V2), and themandibular nerve (V3).)

Nerve with many branches that wander - vagus
(The tenth cranial nerve is the vagus nerve.
The term "vagus" (Latin for "wandering") is apt because the vagus nerve wanders all the way down from the brainstem to the colon, a long wandering trek.
The vagus nerve supplies nerve fibers to the pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), lungs, heart, esophagus and most of the intestinal tract (as far as the transverse portion of the colon). And the vagus nerve brings sensory information back from the ear, tongue, pharynx and larynx.)

Nerve carrying sensory impulses of smell - Olfactory nerve
(the first cranial nerve, that contains sensory nerve fibers relating to smell. The afferent nerve fibers of the olfactory receptor neurons, transmit nerve impulses about odors to the central nervous system, where they are perceived by the sense of smell (olfaction).

Nerve carrying impulses of hearing and balance - vestibulocochlear nerve.
( It is the eighth (VIII) cranial nerve.
This is a sensory nerve that consists of two components – vestibular and cochlear. The vestibular nerve detects head and body motion while the cochlear nerve detects sound. Thus, the vestibulocochlear nerve functions for hearing and balance.)

Nerve carrying impulses of hearing- auditory nerve.
(The auditory nerve is a part of VIII cranial nerve also known as cochlear nerve. It carries auditory sensory information from the cochlea of the inner ear directly to the brain.)

Nerve carrying impulses of vision- ophthalmic branch.
(Also known as optic nerve, it is the second (II) cranial nerve. The optic nerve is the sensory nerve for vision. It transmits information from the eyes to the brain.)

Nerve that supplies the tongue and throat- glossopharyngeal nerve.
( It is the ninth (IX) cranial nerve. It receives general somatic sensory fibers (ventral trigeminothalamic tract) from thetonsils, the pharynx, the middle ear and the posterior 1/3 of the tongue.It receives special visceral sensory fibers (taste) from the posterior one-third of the tongue.)

Nerve that supplies the muscles below the tongue- hypoglossal

( It is the XII cranial nerve. It innervates all the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue, except for the palatoglossus which is innervated by the vagus nerve. It is a nerve with a solely motor function.)

Nerve that carries motor impulses to eye muscles- oculomotor.
(It is the IIIrd cranial nerve. It innervates muscles that enable most movements of the eye and that raise the eyelid. The nerve also contains fibers that innervate the muscles that enable pupillary constriction and accommodation (ability to focus on near objects as in reading).

Nerves that move the eyes laterally - abducens.
(It is the VI th cranial nerve. The abducens nerve supplies the lateral rectus muscle of the human eye. This muscle is responsible for outward gaze).

C)

The labellings on the right are as follows:
1) Olfactory nerve I
2) optic nerve II
3) trigeminal nerve V
4) Vagus nerve X

The labellings in the left are as follows:
1) Frontal lobe
2) olfactory bulb (synapse point of cranial nerve I)
*This term is not given in ques but asked in figure. (labelling just below the midbrain is considered third one.)
3) pons
4) medulla oblongata
5) cerebellum
6) spinal cord.

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