Procedure 3 Time to Trace! Now it\'s time to put all of the digestive anatomy an

Question

Procedure 3 Time to Trace! Now it's time to put all of the digestive anatomy and physiology together to get a "big picture" view of the digestive system. In this procedure you will trace the pathways of three different nutrients from their ingestion at the mouth to their arrival in the blood or lymph. You will trace a cookie (primarily carbohydrates), an egg (primarily protein), and greasy fried food (primarily lipids). Along the way, detail the following for cach 1. The anatomical pathury each takes from ingestion through its passage through the alimentary canal to its absorption into the blood or lymph. 2. The physical and chemical processes that break down each substance, including enzymatic breakdown, churning chewing, and emulsification Some hints: Remember that digestion and absorption are quite different for lipids. For example, fats are not absorbed into the same structures as proteins and carbohydrates. 1 Use the text in this exercise for reference about the enzymes involved in the chemical digestion of each nutrient Tracing Steps 1 Cookie: Start: mouth- blood

Explanation / Answer

1.cookie(carbohydrate)

Mouth{dietary carbohydrate--->polysaccharides,dextrins,sucrose,lactose,maltose(enzyme:salivay amylase)}

stomach and small intestine{polysaccharides,dextrin,sucrose,lactose,maltose----> Monosaccharides:glucose,galactose fructose(enzyme:pancreatic amylase)}

Intestinal lining{monosaccharides:glucose,galactose,fructose-->monosaccharides in blood stream(active transport)}

2.egg(protein)

mouth and stomach{dietary protein---->denatured and partially hydrolysed protein(enzyme:HCL,pepsin)}

small intestine{denatured and partially hydrolysed protein----->small peptides,amino acids(enzyme:trpsin,chymotripsin,aminopeptidase,carboxypeptidase)}

intestinal lining{small peptides,amino acids---->amino acids in blood stream(active transport)}

3.greasy fried food(lipid)

mouth,stomach{ dietary lipids----->lipid droplets in chyme(physical breakup)

small intestine{lipid droplets in chyme--->mono and diglycerides in micelles(emulsification by bile salts,partial hydrolysis by pancreatic lipase)}

intestinal lining{mono and diglycerides in micelles--->synthesis of triglycerides packaged into chylomicrons for transport in blood(absorption)}

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