Describe the structures as blood flows through heart (see list in lab folder and

Question

Describe the structures as blood flows through heart (see list in lab folder and relate each structure to its function within the heart.

Name the three layers of the heart wall and distinguish between functional features of each layer.  

Characterize the four chambers of the heart by identifying notable structures in each chamber and relate to their functions.

Explain the significance of coronary circulation and be able to discuss what happens if a coronary artery becomes blocked.

Identify the components of an ECG recording and relate to cardiac depolarization patterns and resulting muscle contraction.  Be able to discuss cardiac arrhythmias and what structural features result in abnormal ECG patterns.  

Explanation / Answer

Blood flow through the heart

The right and left sides of the heart work together.

Right Side of the Heart

Left Side of the Heart

Important Structures

The tricuspid and mitral valves lie between the atrium and ventricles.

The aortic and pulmonic valves lie between the ventricles and the major blood vessels leaving the heart.

Valves prevent the blood from flowing back.

Each valve has a set of flaps, known as leaflets or cusps. The mitral valve has two leaflets and the others have three. The leaflets are attached to and supported by a ring of tough, fibrous tissue called the annulus. The annulus also helps to maintain the proper shape of the valve.

The leaflets of the mitral and tricuspid valves are supported by tough, fibrous strings called chordae tendineae. They spread from the valve leaflets to small muscles, called papillary muscles, which are the part of the inside walls of the ventricles.

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