Case A: Patient A is a 30-year-old male who was admitted to the hospital from ho

Question

Case A: Patient A is a 30-year-old male who was admitted to the hospital from home after 1 week of cough, profuse nocturnal sweating, loss of appetite and hyposomnia. He was seen by an emergency room physician who noted signs of depression. The patient has a history of intravenous drug abuse and hepatitis B. Radiology Chest X-ray showed infiltrate in the middle of left lung with diameter of 1.7 cm with signs of cavitation. Blood Culture No growth at 5 days Sputum Smear 4+ squamous epithelial cells, Gram Stain 3+ segmented neutrophils, no organisms AFS (acid fast No organisms stain) Sputum Culture No growth at 48 hrs

Explanation / Answer

Tuberculosis usually infects lungs, causing a bad cough with blood, chest pain, fever, chills and fatigue. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

5) mycobacterium tuberculosis is rod-shaped.

6) a gas filled space within a zone of pulmonary consolidation or within a mass or nodule, produced by expulsion of a necrotic part of the lesson via the bronchial tree and a lucency within a zone of pulmonary consolidation, a mass, or a nodule, hence a lucent area within the lung that may or may not contain a fluid level and that is surrounded by a wall, usually of varied thickness.

7) TB skin test- it is widely used test for diagnosing TB. This test involves injecting a small amount of fluid called tuberculin into the skin in the lower part of the arm. Then the person must return after 48-72 hours to have a trained health care worker look at their arm. The health care worker will look for a raised hard area or swelling and if there is one then they will measure it's size.

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