Help me with these questions. Thanks. Answer the following questions to analyze/
ID: 3519500 • Letter: H
Question
Help me with these questions. Thanks.
Answer the following questions to analyze/discuss results from the lab work. Please work in groups to complete the questions below; write up your answers as a group, and attach the answers to this sheet After collecting class data, and finding the averages for Tidal Volume (TV), and respiration rate (RR), explain the following: 1. How would you explain the difference in the averages for TV between males and females? Do you see a relationship between the average TV and the respiratory rate (RR) for males and females? If so, how would you explain this? By extension, predict how the RR would be different (higher, lower) for an infant, and explain why there would be a difference in rate between the infant and an adult. . .Explanation / Answer
Q. 1) The main difference in lung volumes are related more to to the lung size difference between male and female and also thoracic cavity dimensions. Males have slightly large size of lungs hence tidal volume is also slightly more. If male and female have similar size, stature and thoracic dimensions , there should be little difference in their lung volume.
2) Tidal volume is taken as average 500mL .(since difference is very less in lung sizes). Males have high tidal volums but low respiratory rate. Respiratory rate is less in males due to larger lung size . So it takes longer time to complete respiratory cycle. On an average it is 12 - 15 breaths per minute .
In females , Respiratory rate is more . It is about 15 - 17 beats per minute .
So we can say that , Respiratory rate and tidal volume are inversely related to each other and lung size plays a major role here.
3) Average Respiratory rates
A) Newborn : 30 - 60 breaths / minute
B) Toddler (1-2 age) : 24 - 40 breaths / minute
C) Preschooler (3-5 age) : 22 - 34 breaths / minute
D) School age (6 - 12 age) : 18 - 30 breaths / minute
E) Adolescent (13 - 17 age) : 12 - 16 breaths / minute
F) Adult : 18 breaths / minute
As seen above , Respiratory rates are much higher in newborn and infants and then gradually decreases in adult age.
Children have faster Respiratory rate due to following reasons
a) Periodic breathing
b) Lung volumes are lower compared to body mass. Since the lung volumes are small, they make up for it by breathing more quickly.
c) Infants and children metabolize nutrients at much higher rate than adults, so they need more oxygen to get rid of more CO2 than adults.
d) Also instead of Haemoglobin , baby body has methaemoglobin . This compound also needs more oxygen and hence more Respiratory rate.
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