The body can survive only within a fairly narrow window of pH, with a lowest val

Question

The body can survive only within a fairly narrow window of pH, with a lowest value of -------- and a highest value of -------. The average ideal pH the body strives to maintain is ---------. Alkalosis occurs when the number of free H^+ ions in the fluid ------(1)------ the average, while acidosis occurs when the number of free H^+ ions ----(2)------ the average. pH values outside of the range compatible with life that are not immediately corrected will result in death.

(1) and (2) either rises above or drop below

All of the following methods contribute to H^+ levels in the body. Of these four, which is the least important mechanism?

A) Inorganic acid formation from nutrient breakdown

B) Organic acids from intermediary metabolisms

C) Carbonic acid formation from nutrient oxidation

D) Ingestion of acidic foods

The body has three lines of defense that work together to help mitigate pH changes in the body. The following chart summarizes how each mechanism works. For each description, select which mechanism it describes.

Name of Mechanism:

Respirator mechanism, Renal mechanism, or chemical buffer system

Many different conditions or changes in the body can lead to a state of acidosis or alkalosis. For example, a decrease in CO_2 in the blood from hyperventilation can lead to ____(1)___. Which of the following situations might lead to such a condition?

A) Vomiting

B) Lung disease

C) Severe diarrhea

D) An anxiety attack

(1) choice:

a. respiratory alkalosis

b. metabolic alkalosis

c. respiratory acidosis

d. metabolic acidosis

Many substances that are vital to the survival or living organisms need to be kept at consistent homoeostatic levels in the body. This can be tricky when the substance is one that is in a constant state of flux, entering and exiting the body through various input and output methods, respectively. The following image summarizes the basic input and output flows of salt in the body and gives an example for each. What part of the body constitutes the primary internal pool of this substance? Complete the chart.

(Inside body) Internal pool

Option; a) ECF b. fat cells c. storage molecules

The body tries to maintain an equal relationship between the input and output of specific substances. This is referred to as the balance concept. When the input is equivalent to the output, it is called a stable balance.

When you are eating a lot of processed foods with a high salt content, this might lead to a -----postive or negative----- balance. Which of the following statements is not a way the body might respond to regain stable balance in this situation?

A. Release hormonal signals reducing hunger for salty foods

B. release hormones triggering salt retention in the kidneys

C. release hormonal signals triggering salt loss through the kidneys.

Description of pH Regulatory Mechanism Name of Mechanism Levels of carbonic acid in the blood are adjusted by controlling the rate of CO_2 removal. Different types of molecules in the body are able to bind with excess H^+ ions, removing them from solution. The body adjusts secretion and excretion of H^+, HCO_3^-, and ammonia. through various input and output methods, respectively. The following image summarizes the basic input ut flows of salt in the body and gives an example for each. What part of the body constitutes the primary nal pool of this substance? Complete the chart Inputs to internal pool (Inside body) Outputs from internal pool Internal pool Salt ingestion Extracellular fluid Excreted in urine body tries to maintain an equal relationship between the input and output of specific substances. This is ref the balance concept. When the input is equivalent to the output, it is called a stable balance balance n you are eating a lot of processed foods with a high salt content, this might lead to a h of the following statements is not a way the body might respond to regain stable balance in this situation Release hormonal signals reducing hunger for salty foods

Explanation / Answer

* lowest pH value 7.35

* highest pH value 7.45

* average pH value 7.30

Free H+ ions

* drop below

* rises above

* The least important mechanism for increase in H+ ions in the body is [d] ingestion of acidic food

* Name of mechanism --

1. Respiratory mechanism

  2 . Chemical buffer system

3. Renal mechanism

* hyperventilation can lead to repiratory alkalosis which can be caused due to an anxiety attack .

* inputs to internal pool- small intestine

* outputs from internal pool - kidneys

* not a way in which body will respond to regain stable balance -- [a] release hormonal signals reducing hunger for salty food .

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