Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT2) inhibitor that is presentl
ID: 3520959 • Letter: D
Question
Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT2) inhibitor that is presently being tested in that is presently being tested in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This drug may benefit patients by lowering blood glucose levels. This site of action of this drug is at the kidney tubule.
1. How does this drug lower Blood glucose levels?
A. probably by inhibiting insulin function
B. probably by enhancing insulin function at muscle tissue
C. probably by inhibiting a Na+/glucose transporter
D. probably by inhibiting ADH
E. probably by blocking glucose absorption at the small intestine (at the brush border)
2. Would you expect this drug (Dapagliflozin) to increase or decrease urine volume?
A. increase urine volume because it increases glucose in filtrate, which acts as an osmotic diuretic
B. decrease urine volume because it decreases glucose in filtrate
C. It would have no expected effect on urine volume.
Help me ans 2 questions. Thanks.
Explanation / Answer
1. SGLT 2 inhibitors have no relation in promoting or inhibiting insulin function. This states that no insulin involvement is there , hence option A and B are incorrect.
SGLT 2 are glucose transporters in nephrons. They are responsible for 90% of glucose reabsorption from nephrons. SGLT2 inhibitor works on these receptors and inhibit glucose reabsorption and decreases blood glucose levels. Hence option C is CORRECT.
SGLT2 receptors are present in nephrons and not in intestine and have no effect on ADH control. Hence option D and E are also incorrect.
2. SGLT2 are receptors on nephrons that are responsible for glucose reabsorption. By inhibiting them, more glucose is present in urine filtrate and creates an osmotic gradient which increases urine volume. Hence option A is correct.
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