64. Which line of mensuration would be abnormal in patella baja or alta? a. Insa

Question

64. Which line of mensuration would be abnormal in patella baja or alta? a. Insal-Salvati b. Shenton c. McNabbs d. Klein e. Mickulicz 65. Which of the following produces the "inverted Napolean hat" sign? a. Spinal arthrodesis b. Spondylolisthesis c. Spondylosis d. Spondylophyte e. Spondylitis 66. This condition is also known as "kissing spinouses": a. Scherumanns Disease b. Baastrup's Disease c. Eagles Syndrome d. Sprengles Deformity e. Madelung Deformity 67. What type of spondylolisthesis is caused by osteoarthritis of spinal joints? a. Dysplastic b. Isthemic c. Degenerative d. Traumatic e. Pathological

Explanation / Answer

1.a

2.Spondylolisthesis in the anterior displacement of one vertebra with respect to another and frequently occurs at the lumbosacral junction. The inverted Napoleon´s hat sign is produced when a severely subluxed L5 vertebral body (the dome of the hat) projects end-on and overlaps the sacrum, with the superimposition of images appearing as an absence of a spondylolysis pars interarticularis defect or spondylolysthesis, the presence of a marked hyperlordosis at the lumbosacral junction may also simulate the appearance of the inverted Napoleon hatThe inverted Napoleon’s hat sign is seen on the frontal radiograph of the spine at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra and the sacrum. Bone overlying the sacrum simulates the dome of an inverted Napoleon’s hat, with the transverse processes forming the hat’s tapered brim

3.b

4.c

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