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11. Fill in the blank boxes in the concept map at right by using the terms in th

ID: 3521628 • Letter: 1

Question

11. Fill in the blank boxes in the concept map at right by using the terms in the list below Excitation-contraction coupling . T tubules . Acetylcholine . Cisternae Sodium ions At a neuromuscular junction, synaptic vesicles releace Sarcoplasm which binds to receptors on the motor end plate and initiates an influx of 12. Describe the role that each of the following has in the contraction of a muscle fiber according to the sliding filament theory a. The power stroke An action potential spreads along the sarcolemma and b. Calcium ions: causing the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic and reticulum c. Troponin-tropomyosin complex: Photo Grediter ton nt tt

Explanation / Answer

11. a. acetylcholine

b. sodium ions

c. T tubules

d. cisternae

12. a. power stroke: During muscle contraction, myosin heads bind to actin to form cross bridges. There is a release of ADP and Pi as well as a sliding motion of actin. The attachment of cross bridges beteeen actin and myosin causes a release of ADP and Pi. This causes a change in the shape of the myosin head which generates a sliding motion of the actin towards the center of the sarcomere. As a result the two Z discs are pulled together, effecting contracting the muscle to produce a power stroke.

b. calcium ions: the calcium ions present in the cytosol bind with troponin which causes a change in the shape of tropomyosin which exposes myosin binding sites. In the absence of calcium troponin and tropomyosin carry out their blocking role.

c. troponin-tropomyosin complex: Troponin is attached to tropomyosin and is present within the groove between actin filaments. The attachment site for mysoin crossbridge is blocked by tropomyosin. When the muscle is stimulated to contract by muscle contraction, calcium ions bind to troponin, whcih causes it to change shape and expose the binding sites for myosin on the actin filaments.

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