7) Based on the definition of membrane depolarization, define membrane hyperpola

Question

7) Based on the definition of membrane depolarization, define membrane hyperpolarization. Why is it harder to generate a 2hd action potential during the relative refractory period? Does this mean the membrane potential is more or less negative? 8) 9) What is the refractory period? Why would it be beneficial for cardiac muscle to have a long absolute refractory period? 10) Describe specific factors that would help you determine the difference between resting membrane potential, relative refractory period or absolute refractory period.

Explanation / Answer

7) Membrane hyperpolarization is the opposite of depolarisation. It makes the membrane more negative below the resting membrane potential. It therefore inhibits the development of action potential as greater stimulus strength is required to reach action potential threshold.

8) The sodium channels are inactivated during the refractory period. So, depolarisation of membranes cannot occur and action potential will not takes place. During this period, the membrane potential is more negative.

9) Refractive period is defined as the period immediately after nerve or muscle stimulation during which the nerve/muscle is completely refractory or unresponsive to stimulus.

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