12-8. Why is it important for an organization to have a strate- pic plan for inf
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Question
12-8. Why is it important for an organization to have a strate- pic plan for information systems? What major areas are covered in an organization’s IT strategic plan?
12-9. What are two IT funding models that organizations use to determine how IT expenses are allocated and costs recovered? How are IT expenses charged in each model? How does each funding model affect human behavior?
12-10. What is an acceptable-use policy? What are example elements of an acceptable-use policy? Why do organi- zations implement an acceptable-use policy? How do acceptable-use policies affect human behavior?
12-11. What is project portfolio management? Why do organi- nations need project portfolio management?
12-12. What is the purpose of a program management office (PMO)? What are typical services provided by a pro- gram management office? How does a PMO use dash- boards? Why is collecting consistent data a challenge for the PMO?
12-13. What is disaster recovery? What are the major tasks associated with disaster recovery?
12-14. What is business continuity? What are the major tasks associated with planning for business continuity?
12-15. What is a cognitive bias? What are examples of cogni- tive biases? What is a black swan phenomenon? How do cognitive biases and black swan phenomena affect strategic planning for information systems?
Explanation / Answer
12.8 The objective of strategic planning in information systems is to establish a systematic schedule and process for developing a long range planning strategy for information systems. This planning strategy must be aligned with the company’s overall business strategic plan. This strategy is used as a guide to facilitate any IT involving decision-making.
The components of an organization’s IT strategic plan are:
12.9 Two funding models used to determine how IT expenses are allocated and costs recovered are:
12.10 An acceptable use policy (AUP) is a document comprising the practices and the constraints that a user must agree to for access of the Internet or any corporate network.
There are basically 6 elements of an AUP:
Organizations implement an AUP to restrict the usage of its information assets. As people using the Internet or corporate network is huge, AUP helps in facilitating the access monitoring.
AUP limits the scope of usage of the Internet. Some individuals take it positively and consider this fair, as the company’s network must be used for company’s functioning only. While some react to it in a negative way as they consider AUP as a limitation to their access rights.
12.11 Project portfolio management (PPM) is a centralized platform that ensures all positively approved projects are managed effectively and they deliver optimal results while meeting the strategic objectives.
Organizations use PPM as it aids in project management process. With the usage of PPM, projects can be tracked efficiently and hence there is reduction in the number of project failures.
12.13 Disaster recovery is used to recover vital information and data of the company in case of a natural or human-induced disaster. The major tasks involved with disaster recovery are:
12.14 Business continuity planning is the process of addressing the potential threats to a company. This process involves creating systems of prevention and recovery. While disaster recovery looks after the recovery of data and information of company, post disaster, a business continuity plan looks at the recovery of entire organization as a whole.
The major tasks involved in developing a business continuity plan are:
12.15 Cognitive bias are the biases in thought process of an individual that influence his decision making ability. Some examples are: attentional bias, belief bias, cheerleader effect, etc.
Black swan phenomena is the occurrence of an event that is extremely difficult to predict and deviates totally from the normal course of action.
Cognitive biases and black swan phenomena affect strategic planning for information systems by hampering the normal course of operations. While devising a strategic plan, influence of both cognitive bias and black swan effect must be considered so as the strategic plan becomes more effective.
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