Write a program that emulates the behavior of a bus. The bus must have a schedul

Question

Write a program that emulates the behavior of a bus. The bus must have a schedule ( a finite number of times for it to stop) and a certain capacity (number of passengers). In this program the bus has two states: stopped and going. Over time, events take place, such as stopping the bus ( for which the bus must already be going ), loading passengers, unloading passengers, or starting the bus. For each event, the current state of the bus must change accordingly. Each time the bus stops, it must load and unload passengers. The number of passengers that will be unloaded at every bus stop must be generated randomly. The number of passengers waiting for the bus at each stop is also generated randomly. The bus should load as many waiting passengers as possible without exceeding the bus capacity. Write a program that implements this model, with the following operation:

void stop_bus();   /* Stop the bus   */

void start_bus();   /* Start the bus   */

void load_pass(); /* Load passengers */

void unload_pass(); /* Unload passengers */

Note: These function prototypes lack parameters; add whatever parameters you feel are necessary so that the program works without global variables. The program's output should reflect the bus's actions by reporting each change in state, along with the number of passengers loaded and unloaded.

Hints:

Bus status transition diagram: ( Diagram in the link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/qwe455521mm9hex/BUS%20C%2B%2B.jpg )

Bus travel from the first station to the last station. In each station, bus needs to stop, unload passengers, load passengers, and start. However, based on the station, bus

Explanation / Answer

#include <cstddef> // NULL
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>

#include <boost/archive/tmpdir.hpp>

#include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>

#include <boost/serialization/base_object.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/utility.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/list.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/assume_abstract.hpp>

class gps_position
{
    friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const gps_position &gp);
    friend class boost::serialization::access;
    int degrees;
    int minutes;
    float seconds;
    template<class Archive>
    void serialize(Archive & ar, const unsigned int /* file_version */){
        ar & degrees & minutes & seconds;
    }
public:
    // every serializable class needs a constructor
    gps_position(){};
    gps_position(int _d, int _m, float _s) :
        degrees(_d), minutes(_m), seconds(_s)
    {}
};
std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const gps_position &gp)
{
    return os << ' ' << gp.degrees << (unsigned char)186 << gp.minutes << ''' << gp.seconds << '"';
}

class bus_stop
{
    friend class boost::serialization::access;
    friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_stop &gp);
    virtual std::string description() const = 0;
    gps_position latitude;
    gps_position longitude;
    template<class Archive>
    void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version)
    {
        ar & latitude;
        ar & longitude;
    }
protected:
    bus_stop(const gps_position & _lat, const gps_position & _long) :
        latitude(_lat), longitude(_long)
    {}
public:
    bus_stop(){}
    virtual ~bus_stop(){}
};

BOOST_SERIALIZATION_ASSUME_ABSTRACT(bus_stop)

std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_stop &bs)
{
    return os << bs.latitude << bs.longitude << ' ' << bs.description();
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Several kinds of bus stops
//
// illustrates serialization of derived types
//
class bus_stop_corner : public bus_stop
{
    friend class boost::serialization::access;
    std::string street1;
    std::string street2;
    virtual std::string description() const
    {
        return street1 + " and " + street2;
    }
    template<class Archive>
    void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version)
    {
        // save/load base class information
        ar & boost::serialization::base_object<bus_stop>(*this);
        ar & street1 & street2;
    }

public:
    bus_stop_corner(){}
    bus_stop_corner(const gps_position & _lat, const gps_position & _long,
        const std::string & _s1, const std::string & _s2
    ) :
        bus_stop(_lat, _long), street1(_s1), street2(_s2)
    {
    }
};

class bus_stop_destination : public bus_stop
{
    friend class boost::serialization::access;
    std::string name;
    virtual std::string description() const
    {
        return name;
    }
    template<class Archive>
    void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version)
    {
        ar & boost::serialization::base_object<bus_stop>(*this) & name;
    }
public:
  
    bus_stop_destination(){}
    bus_stop_destination(
        const gps_position & _lat, const gps_position & _long, const std::string & _name
    ) :
        bus_stop(_lat, _long), name(_name)
    {
    }
};

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// a bus route is a collection of bus stops
//
// illustrates serialization of STL collection templates.
//
// illustrates serialzation of polymorphic pointer (bus stop *);
//
// illustrates storage and recovery of shared pointers is correct
// and efficient. That is objects pointed to by more than one
// pointer are stored only once. In such cases only one such
// object is restored and pointers are restored to point to it
//
class bus_route
{
    friend class boost::serialization::access;
    friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_route &br);
    typedef bus_stop * bus_stop_pointer;
    std::list<bus_stop_pointer> stops;
    template<class Archive>
    void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version)
    {
        // in this program, these classes are never serialized directly but rather
        // through a pointer to the base class bus_stop. So we need a way to be
        // sure that the archive contains information about these derived classes.
        //ar.template register_type<bus_stop_corner>();
        ar.register_type(static_cast<bus_stop_corner *>(NULL));
        //ar.template register_type<bus_stop_destination>();
        ar.register_type(static_cast<bus_stop_destination *>(NULL));
        // serialization of stl collections is already defined
        // in the header
        ar & stops;
    }
public:
    bus_route(){}
    void append(bus_stop *_bs)
    {
        stops.insert(stops.end(), _bs);
    }
};
std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_route &br)
{
    std::list<bus_stop *>::const_iterator it;
    // note: we're displaying the pointer to permit verification
    // that duplicated pointers are properly restored.
    for(it = br.stops.begin(); it != br.stops.end(); it++){
        os << ' ' << std::hex << "0x" << *it << std::dec << ' ' << **it;
    }
    return os;
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// a bus schedule is a collection of routes each with a starting time
//
// Illustrates serialization of STL objects(pair) in a non-intrusive way.
// See definition of operator<< <pair<F, S> >(ar, pair) and others in
// serialization.hpp
//
// illustrates nesting of serializable classes
//
// illustrates use of version number to automatically grandfather older
// versions of the same class.

class bus_schedule
{
public:
    // note: this structure was made public. because the friend declarations
    // didn't seem to work as expected.
    struct trip_info
    {
        template<class Archive>
        void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int file_version)
        {
            // in versions 2 or later
            if(file_version >= 2)
                // read the drivers name
                ar & driver;
            // all versions have the follwing info
            ar & hour & minute;
        }

        // starting time
        int hour;
        int minute;
        // only after system shipped was the driver's name added to the class
        std::string driver;

        trip_info(){}
        trip_info(int _h, int _m, const std::string &_d) :
            hour(_h), minute(_m), driver(_d)
        {}
    };
private:
    friend class boost::serialization::access;
    friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_schedule &bs);
    friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_schedule::trip_info &ti);
    std::list<std::pair<trip_info, bus_route *> > schedule;
    template<class Archive>
    void serialize(Archive &ar, const unsigned int version)
    {
        ar & schedule;
    }
public:
    void append(const std::string &_d, int _h, int _m, bus_route *_br)
    {
        schedule.insert(schedule.end(), std::make_pair(trip_info(_h, _m, _d), _br));
    }
    bus_schedule(){}
};
BOOST_CLASS_VERSION(bus_schedule, 2)

std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_schedule::trip_info &ti)
{
    return os << ' ' << ti.hour << ':' << ti.minute << ' ' << ti.driver << ' ';
}
std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const bus_schedule &bs)
{
    std::list<std::pair<bus_schedule::trip_info, bus_route *> >::const_iterator it;
    for(it = bs.schedule.begin(); it != bs.schedule.end(); it++){
        os << it->first << *(it->second);
    }
    return os;
}

void save_schedule(const bus_schedule &s, const char * filename){
    // make an archive
    std::ofstream ofs(filename);
    boost::archive::text_oarchive oa(ofs);
    oa << s;
}

void
restore_schedule(bus_schedule &s, const char * filename)
{
    // open the archive
    std::ifstream ifs(filename);
    boost::archive::text_iarchive ia(ifs);

    // restore the schedule from the archive
    ia >> s;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    // make the schedule
    bus_schedule original_schedule;

    // fill in the data
    // make a few stops
    bus_stop *bs0 = new bus_stop_corner(
        gps_position(34, 135, 52.560f),
        gps_position(134, 22, 78.30f),
        "24th Street", "10th Avenue"
    );
    bus_stop *bs1 = new bus_stop_corner(
        gps_position(35, 137, 23.456f),
        gps_position(133, 35, 54.12f),
        "State street", "Cathedral Vista Lane"
    );
    bus_stop *bs2 = new bus_stop_destination(
        gps_position(35, 136, 15.456f),
        gps_position(133, 32, 15.300f),
        "White House"
    );
    bus_stop *bs3 = new bus_stop_destination(
        gps_position(35, 134, 48.789f),
        gps_position(133, 32, 16.230f),
        "Lincoln Memorial"
    );

    // make a routes
    bus_route route0;
    route0.append(bs0);
    route0.append(bs1);
    route0.append(bs2);

    // add trips to schedule
    original_schedule.append("bob", 6, 24, &route0);
    original_schedule.append("bob", 9, 57, &route0);
    original_schedule.append("alice", 11, 02, &route0);

    // make aother routes
    bus_route route1;
    route1.append(bs3);
    route1.append(bs2);
    route1.append(bs1);

    // add trips to schedule
    original_schedule.append("ted", 7, 17, &route1);
    original_schedule.append("ted", 9, 38, &route1);
    original_schedule.append("alice", 11, 47, &route1);

    // display the complete schedule
    std::cout << "original schedule";
    std::cout << original_schedule;
  
    std::string filename(boost::archive::tmpdir());
    filename += "/demofile.txt";

    // save the schedule
    save_schedule(original_schedule, filename.c_str());

    // ... some time later
    // make a new schedule
    bus_schedule new_schedule;

    restore_schedule(new_schedule, filename.c_str());

    // and display
    std::cout << " restored schedule";
    std::cout << new_schedule;
    // should be the same as the old one. (except for the pointer values)

    delete bs0;
    delete bs1;
    delete bs2;
    delete bs3;
    return 0;
}

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