Hi there, Please, Need help with computer networking question. Thank You 1- In c

Question

Hi there,

Please, Need help with computer networking question. Thank You
1- In communications over a network, protocols are required. What is the framework or reference model that makes this possible?
2- What makes up this framework?
3- What company is credited with developing what is known today via IEEE 802.3 as Ethernet?-
4-What other companies joined in to promote its use and when?-
5-its initial incarnation what network topology did it employ?
6-There is another networking physical level technology trying to gain acceptance in about the same timeframe of Ethernet what is that?-
7-There are a couple of difference between this technology and Ethernet? List three?
8-Besides the cabling and computer interfaces there are several other hardware components that make up a network infrastructure. List three?
9-Describe the role of the devices you chose.
10-We discussed some basic networking equipment. What devices primarily use this layer of the OSI Stack for control and information about where to send frames?
11-Does IPX support subnetting?

Explanation / Answer

1
The best known frameworks are the TCP/IP model and the OSI model.
2
In osi model There are layers and in tcp various protocols make up this framework
3
PARC (Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated), formerly Xerox PARC,
4
Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), Intel

The so-called "DIX" standard, for "Digital/Intel/Xerox", specified 10 Mbit/s Ethernet, with 48-bit destination and source addresses
and a global 16-bit Ethertype-type field

6
Token Ring ,Toke Bus
7

Ethernet

Ethernet is the most common network technology used in local
area networks and can be easily identified by the RJ-45 connectors
on each of their cables, which resemble extra-wide telephone jacks.
Ethernet cables, which are usually blue, yellow or red, are a little more
slender than a drinking straw and have a maximum range of 328 feet.
Ethernet can carry up to 10 megabits per second (Mbps), which is
10 million bits of information each second. Fast Ethernet can carry up to 100Mbps and gigabit Ethernet can carry up to 1000Mbps. Data is sent in packets, with each packet containing information to determine where the data is to be sent and a checksum that ensures that none of the data in the packet has been garbled or lost during transmission. One of the reasons Ethernet is so popular is because it supports the Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol used by the Internet, a set of protocols familiarly known as TCP/IP.

Token Ring

Developed by IBM, Token ring was once a popular technology used in LANs before most organizations moved to Ethernet. Today it can be difficult to find. As its name suggests, computers are arranged in a ring and single token is continuously passed from computer to computer. When a computer wants to send data to another computer, it waits for the token to come around and then attaches its data to it. The token is then passed to the next computer in the ring until it reaches the recipient computer. The recipient attaches two bits of data to the token to inform the sender that the data was received. Other computers can't send data until the ring is free again. This may sound slow, but was actually lightning fast for its time - up to 16Mpbs.

8

routers
switches
bridge

9
Gateway: this device is placed at a network node and interfaces with another network that uses different protocols. It works on OSI layers 4 to 7.

Router: a specialized network device that determines the next network point to which it can forward a data packet towards the ultimate destination of the packet. Unlike a gateway, it cannot interface different protocols. It works on OSI layer 3.

Switch: a device that allocates traffic from one network segment to certain lines (intended destination(s)) which connect the segment to another network segment. Unlike a hub, a switch splits the network traffic and sends it to different destinations rather than to all systems on the network. It works on OSI layer 2.

Bridge: a device that connects multiple network segments along the data link layer. It works on OSI layer 2.

10
routers

11 yes

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