To support National Heart Week, the Heart Association plans to install a free bl

Question

To support National Heart Week, the Heart Association plans to install a free blood pressure testing booth in El Con Mall for the week. Previous experience indicates that, on average, 7.0 persons per hour request a test. Assume arrivals are Poisson distributed from an infinite population. Blood pressure measurements can be made at a constant time of six minutes each. Assume the queue length can be infinite with FCFS discipline. a. What average number in line can be expected? (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.) Average number expected people b. What average number of persons can be expected to be in the system? (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.) Average number of persons persons c. What is the average amount of time that a person can expect to spend in line? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.) Average amount of time hours d. On the average, how much time will it take to measure a person's blood pressure, including waiting time? (Round your answer to 4 decimal places.) Time taken hours

Explanation / Answer

Staff responsible for purchasing should take into account any relevant local policy, and ensure that the product meets the requirements of clinical staff and that the accuracy is adequate for the clinical situation in which it is to be used.
Relevant information should be obtained from the manufacturer before purchase, including clinical validation, standards complied with, manuals available, warranty details, availability of training for users, and maintenance contracts.
It is also important to take into account total costs, including training, consumables and maintenance. The selection of disposable or re-useable cuffs should consider the cost differentials, supply logistics, infection control and the environmental impact of disposal.
Purchasers should be aware that blood pressure monitors for clinical use should be CE marked to show compliance with the Medical Devices Directive . Manufacturers may demonstrate compliance with the essential requirements of the Directive by applying the appropriate harmonized. Although it is not mandatory for a device to comply with these standards, their requirements are considered to be ‘state of the art’. A manufacturer will either comply with them or carry out a risk assessment to demonstrate an equivalent level of safety.
Both purchasers and staff who use these devices should be aware that recommendations have been published by the Independent Advisory Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring in Clinical Practice regarding the purchase and use of blood pressure monitors.
When new medical devices are introduced it is important that members of staff are trained to ensure they are aware of the equipment’s limitations and can recognise artefacts. General advice on the selection, purchasing, maintenance and the need for user training are given in the MHRA’s publication ‘Managing Medical Devices’
All blood pressure measuring equipment should be regularly checked and calibrated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. These maintenance recommendations vary depending on the type, frequency and location of use. However, it should be noted that some of those originally designed for use in the home may be difficult to calibrate without returning to the supplier.
Cuffs and their hoses should be regularly inspected and replaced as necessary. Excessive air leakage from damaged cuffs, hoses and tubing connectors may reduce the accuracy of the readings. Both disposable (single patient use) and reusable cuffs are available. Re-usable cuffs should be cleaned in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, ensuring that cleaning fluid does not enter the cuff bladder or hoses. Particular concern over the lack of maintenance of blood pressure measurement devices, both in the community and acute hospital settings, has been highlighted . Faulty cuffs, hoses, aneroid gauges and mercury manometers can all lead to erroneous blood pressure measurements, with significant effects on patient care.

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