QUESTION 7 4 points Saved The 127.0.0.1/8 address is? is a network address is a

Question

QUESTION 7 4 points Saved The 127.0.0.1/8 address is? is a network address is a directed broadcast address. is a public host address O is an illegal address. is a loopback address. ps:liu.blackboard.cLwebappasessen/tak/launch jspourse_sessment id-_471600 1course_id-_121431_1äent id-_7437971_1&step-null; 5/2018 Take Test: Final Exam 181 TCN4212- QUESTION 8 4 points Saved Briefly (one line each) explain unicast, multicast, and broadcast messaging (in IPv4) For the toolbar, press ALT F10 (PC) or ALT FN+F10 (Mac) -Font famil ? -Font size : unicast: one to one network type communication and Information/ Data are sent from one multicast: multicast traffic can be addressed for the group of systems in a network broadcast messaging: In IPV4 broadcast is a type of n/w communication, where the transmitter can send only one copy of data and it is delivered to all the devices/ systems in the networlk Path: p span Words:61 QUESTION 9 4 points Saved A correctly configured routing table needs at least two entries. What are these entries? For the toolbar, press ALT F10 (PC) or ALT FN F10 (Mac) Arial 4 (14pt) 1)Destination address is the IP address of the final destination of the packet. 2) Nexthop: is the address of the next station or gateway through which the packet goes to reach its destination Path: p Words:33

Explanation / Answer

7)Answer:

is a loopback address

Explanation:

127.0.0.1/8 is the loopback Internet protocol (IP) address also referred to as the “localhost.” The address is used to establish an IP connection to the same machine or computer being used by the end-user.

The same convention is defined for computer’s that support IPv6 addressing using the connotation of ::1. Establishing a connection using the address 127.0.0.1 is the most common practice; however, using any IP address in the range of 127.*.*.* will function in the same or similar manner. The loopback construct gives a computer or device capable of networking the capability to validate or establish the IP stack on the machine.

8)Answer:

Unicast address:

A unicast address is an address that identifies a unique node on a network. Unicast addressing is available in IPv4 and IPv6 and typically refers to a single sender or a single receiver, although it can be used in both sending and receiving.

A unicast address packet is transferred to a network node, which includes an interface address. The unicast address is then inserted into the destination's packet header, which is sent to the network device destination.

Unicast is the most common form of IP addressing.

A unicast address identifies a network device, such as a workstation or a server. A unicast address on a local area network (LAN) contains a subnet prefix and an interface ID.

A unicast address is used in the following instances:

Multicast address:

A multicast address is a single IP data packet set that represents a network host group. Multicast addresses are available to process datagrams or frames intended to be multicast to a designated network service. Multicast addressing is applied in the link layer (Layer 2 of the OSI Model) and the Internet layer (Layer 3 of the OSI Model) for IP versions 4 (IPv4)

Datagrams with multicast address are simultaneously transmitted to one or more multicast host groups or networked computers.

Multicast addresses range from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. Examples for IPV4-reserved addresses for multicasting are as follows:

Multicast addresses in IPV4 are defined using leading address bits of 1110, which originate from the classful network design of the early Internet when this group of addresses was designated as Class D. Multicast addresses in IPV6 have the prefix ff00::/8. IPv6 multicast addresses are generally formed from four-bit groups.

broadcast address:

A broadcast address is a special Internet Protocol (IP) address used to transmit messages and data packets to network systems. Network administrators (NA) verify successful data packet transmission via broadcast addresses.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) clients use broadcast IP addresses to locate and transmit respective server requests.

When IP classes were designed, certain IP addresses were reserved for specific tasks. Broadcast addressing was designed to facilitate message broadcasting for all network devices.

The following is a broadcast addressing analogy:

A teacher is preparing to announce the winner of a student competition and can use either of the following approaches: (1) The teacher could stop by each student’s desk and discreetly reveal the winner's name, or (2) The teacher could announce the winner's name to the class and then ask the winner to stand for recognition. The second option, which is more efficient, is broadcast addressing in the real world.

In computing, a broadcast addressing example is Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6), which does not support IPv4's zero network broadcast address (255.255.255.255). As a workaround, IPv6 sends a multicast message to each host group member.

9)Answer:

Destination address:

The primary function of a router is to forward a packet toward its destination network, which is the destination IP address of the packet. To do this, a router needs to search the routing information stored in its routing table.

Next hop:

Next hop is a routing term that refers to the next closest router a packet can go through. The next hop is among the series of routers that are connected together in a network and is the next possible destination for a data packet

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