1. Where is the access_log file located on a Linux system? 2. What is contained

Question

1. Where is the access_log file located on a Linux system?

2. What is contained within the access_log file?

3. What does curl stand for?

4. How do you grep for the word nmap within the access_log?

5. What are the results from typing the following command?

gawk –F= ‘{print $2}’ /var/log/secure

6. What are the results from typing the following command?

gawk ‘{print $2}’ /var/log/secure

7. What are the results from typing the following command?

(Type gawk –help to see the available switches and learn the purpose of "-F=")

gawk –F= ‘{print $1}’ /var/log/secure

8. What are the results from typing the following command?

gawk ‘{print $1}’ /var/log/secure

9. What is xHydra?

10. Where are FTP Log files stored in Windows?

11. What is the code for a successful FTP login?

12. How can the find command be used to locate the number 230 within a logfile?

Explanation / Answer

Ans 1.

Open the Terminal or login as root user using ssh command. Go to /var/log directory using the following cd command:
# cd /var/log

To list files use the following ls command:
# ls

Sample outputs:

Ans 2.

An access log is a list of all the requests for individual files that people have requested from a Web site. These files will include the HTML files and their imbedded graphic images and any other associated files that get transmitted. The access log (sometimes referred to as the "raw data") can be analyzed and summarized by another program.

In general, an access log can be analyzed to tell you:

Ans 3.

Basically, you can use cURL to download content from the internet. For example, if you ran the cURL command with the web address set to:

The linked page will be downloaded.

By default, the output will be to the command line but you can also specify a filename to save the file to. The URL specified can point to a site's top level domain such as:

Or it can point to individual pages on the site.

You can use cURL to download physical webpages, images, documents and files. For instance, to download the latest version of Ubuntu Linux you can simply run the following command:

Ans 9.

xHydra is a GUI frontend for the password cracker called Hydra. Hydra can be used for both offline and online password cracking. Hydra can be used for many types of online attacks, including attacks against MySQL, SMB, MSSQL, and many types of HTTP/HTTPS logins, just to name a few.

Ans 10,

C:WINDOWSSystem32LogFilesMSFTPSVC1 directory. Open the last log file, exnnnnnn.log, you should see something like:

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