1. What is the number of the first “time to live exceeded” packet? 2. Which fiel

Question

1. What is the number of the first “time to live exceeded” packet?

2. Which fields in the IP datagram change from one datagram to the next within this series of ICMP messages sent to your computer?

3. Which fields stay constant?

4. Describe the pattern you see in the Time To Live field of this sequence of packets. Considering what you can read about traceroute, and what you are seeing in the returned sequence of packets, why does this pattern exist?

Source 192. 1688. 4 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.4 Destination 23.23.86.44 192.168.0.4 23.23. 86.44 192.168.0.4 23.23.86.44 192.168.0.4 23.23. 86.44 23.23.86.44 23.23.86.44 23.23.86.44 192.168.0.4 23.23.86.44 192.168.0.4 23.23.86.44 192.168.0.4 23.23.86.44 192.168.0.4 23.23.86.44 No. cmpv6 Protocol Length Info 473 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq-1/256, ttl-l (no response found! 114 Time-to-live exceeded(Time to live exceeded in transit) 915 96.599926 918 96.648768 919 96.651668 920 96.651831 921 96. 654571 922 96.654757 928 101.659937 964 106.662587 997 111.665116 998 111.680763 999 111.682411 1000 111.695164 1001 111.695363 1002 111.708550 1003 111.708910 1004 111.724285 1005 111.725768 ICMP 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq-2/512, ttl-l (no response found!) ICMP ICMP ICMP 114 Time-to-live exceeded (Time to live exceeded in transit) 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq 3/768, ttl-l (no response found!) 114 Time-to-1ive exceeded(Time to live exceeded in transit) 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq-4/1824, ttl-2 (no response found!) 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq-5/1280, ttl-2 (no response found!) 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq-6/1536, ttl-2 (no response found!) 86 Echo (ping) request id 0x919b, seq7/1792, ttl 3 (no response found!) 110 Time-to-live exceeded(Time to live exceeded in transit) 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq-8/2048, ttl-3 (no response found!) 110 Time-to-live exceeded (Time to live exceeded in transit) 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq-9/2304, ttl-3 (no response found!) 110 Time-to-live exceeded(Time to live exceeded in transit) 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq-10/2560, ttl-4 (no response found!) 78 Time-to-live exceeded (Time to live exceeded in transit) 86 Echo (ping) request id-0x919b, seq-11/2816, ttl-4 (no response found!) ICMP ICMP ICMP ICMP 192.168.0.4 68.12.10.52 192.168.0.4 68.12.10.52 192.168.0.4 68.12.8.84 192.168.0.4 ICMP ICMP Frame 914: 86 bytes on wire (688 bits), 86 bytes captured (688 bits) on interface 0 Ethernet 11, Src: Apple-18 : 93: f2 (f0:b4:79 : 18 : 93: f2), Dst : ArrisGro-la: 1e : d3 (ce:a0:0d: 1a:1e:d3) Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 192.168.0.4, Dst: 23.23.86.44 Internet Control Message Protocol Type: 8 (Echo (ping) request) Checksum: 0x6663 [correctl [Checksum Status: Good] Identifier (BE): 37275 (0x919b) Identifier (LE): 39825 (0x9b91) Sequence number (BE): 1 (0x0001) Sequence number (LE): 256 (0x0100) [No response seen] Data (44 bytes) 0008 c0 a0 Od 1a 1e d3 fe b4 79 18 93 f2 08 00 45 00 0018 00 48 91 9c 00 00 01 01 fa 29 c0 a8 00 04 17 17 0020 56 2c 08 00 66 63 91 9b 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 V, fc.. . . . 0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0040 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00. 0058 00 00 00 00 00 00

Explanation / Answer

1. 915(TTL=1)

2. check sum

3. Total Length, Version, Source Address, Destination Address

4. We can see the Time to live field is in the increasing order.Each Router that comes between source and destination should reduce the value of TTL before sending to the next Router. When an ICMP TTL exceeded message is sent by a router, the original sender will come to know the address of the router.

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