TCP operation: (a) Construct an example where an entire window of TCP packets ar
ID: 3745634 • Letter: T
Question
TCP operation: (a) Construct an example where an entire window of TCP packets are lost when the window size reaches 2 during the first slow start. Show how TCP responds to the losses at the packet level using the time diagram (see the example given in class). Sketch the sliding window at the sender side. Note the time epochs when TCP changes phases. (b) Then construct another example where the ACK for the second packet is lost. Show how TCP responds by plotting CWND(t) as a function of time. Note the time epochs when TCP changes phases. (c) Consider additive increase. Assume no loss event occurs. We know that for the time increment to be 1RTT, CWND(t)=CWND(t-1RTT)+1 MSS, (1) where MSS is Maximum Segment Size. Now consider the time increment to be one ACK. Obtain an iterative equation that is equivalent to Equation (1). Illustrate your result using an example that CWND(t-1RTT)=5.
Explanation / Answer
An overlay network may be a electronic network that's designed on high of another network. Nodes within the overlay network will be thought of as being connected by virtual or logical links, every of that corresponds to a path, maybe through several physical links, within the underlying network. for instance, distributed systems like peer-to-peer networks and client-server applications ar overlay networks as a result of their nodes run on high of the net. the net was originally designed as AN overlay upon the phonephone network, whereas these days (through the appearance of VoIP), the phonephone network is {increasingly|progressively|more ANd more} turning into an overlay network designed on high of the net.
Overlay networks ar utilized in telecommunication due to the supply of digital circuit change instrumentality and glass fibre.[1] Telecommunication transport networks ANd informatics networks (which combined form up the broader Internet) ar all overlaid with a minimum of an glass fibre layer, a transport layer ANd an informatics OR gate change layers (in the case of the PSTN).
Enterprise non-public networks were initial overlaid on telecommunication networks like frame relay and Asynchronous Transfer Mode packet change infrastructures however migration from these (now legacy) infrastructures to informatics based mostly MPLS networks and virtual non-public networks started (2001~2002).
From a physical posture overlay networks ar quite advanced (see Figure 1) as they mix varied logical layers that ar operated and designed by varied entities (businesses, universities, government etc.) however they permit separation of considerations that over time allowable the buildup of a broad set of services that would not are planned by one telecommunication operator (ranging from broadband net access, voice informatics or IPTV, competitive medium operators etc.).[2]
please upvote
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.