34 1. Determine all the output from the following segment of program as it would

Question

34 1. Determine all the output from the following segment of program as it would appear on the screen. (11 points) 2. Explain the following lines: 2-3, 8-9,10,11-12,13-14 (11 points) int fa(); void fb(int = 5); float fc(int &); int main() { int x = 5, y; float z; y = fa(); cout << "y: " << y << endl; fb(); z = fc(x); cout << "z: " << z << endl; fb(x); cout << "x: " << x << endl; return 0; } int fa() { int x = 1; x += 5; return x; } void fb(int y) { static int x = 4; x -= y; cout << "x:" << x * x << endl; } float fc(int & x) { x += 2; cout << "x:" << x << endl; return 3.14; }

Explanation / Answer

Output :

y: 6
x:1
x:7
z: 3.14
x:64
x: 7

Explanation :

int fa();
void fb(int = 5); // Default arguments : Allows a function to be called without providing one or more trailing arguments.
float fc(int &); // Pass by reference , function declaration
int main()
{
   int x = 5, y;
   float z;
   y = fa(); // fa() called and the value returned is assgined to y
   cout << "y: " << y << endl;
   fb(); // fb() called without any arguments , but default value 5 is passed as its argument
   z = fc(x); //fc(x) is called and value returned is assigned to z
   cout << "z: " << z << endl;
   fb(x); // when this is called second time , the value of x in the definition will be -1.
   cout << "x: " << x << endl;
   return 0;
}

int fa()
{
   int x = 1;
   x += 5;
   return x;
}

void fb(int y)
{
   static int x = 4; // static x , hence the lifetime of this variable is program
   x -= y;
   cout << "x:" << x * x << endl;
}

float fc(int & x) //By reference
{
   x += 2;
   cout << "x:" << x << endl;
   return 3.14;
}

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