The scenario: Newton Ad Agency is a startup with three locations. The headquarte

Question

The scenario: Newton Ad Agency is a startup with three locations. The headquarters is located in Austin, TX, with a satellite office located 2 miles away in a rural area. There is a clear line of sight between the two offices. The New York office needs to share large media files with the Austin office. The New York office will also have a web server for clients to download large media files and needs to be able to do it quickly.

To hire the best talents, Newton Ad Agency allows employees to work from home full-time. Remote workers will need access to the network in Austin. The IT Department should have the ability to log into all of the workstations, including the remote computers, when they are connected to the network.

You have been hired as the network administrator. You are tasked with building the network IP strategy, building a remote access strategy, and selecting WAN technologies that meet the business requirements. As one of your first tasks, you have been asked to develop a proposal for the management team. These members have varying backgrounds and sometimes limited knowledge of IT services.

Newton Ad Agency: Business and Technical Requirements

1.Spend no more than $1,100 per month on internet for all sites (after initial hardware and setup costs)

2.The company IP addresses should be within the following range: 192.168.100.0–192.168.103.255

Austin Headquarters: Business and Technical Requirements

1.Fast WAN connectivity

2.Must have backup WAN connectivity with 99.999% uptime

3.IP addresses must support 500 hosts

4.Must provide wireless access for users

5.All wireless connectivity must be centrally managed

Austin Headquarters: Available Internet Options

1.Fiber Optics ($700)

2.T1 ($300)

3.Cable ($175)

4.DSL ($75)

New York Office: Business and Technical Requirements

1.Fast WAN connectivity

2.IP address strategy for 200 users/PCs

New York Office: Available Internet Options

1.Fiber Optics ($600)

2.T1 ($300)

3.Cable ($125)

4.DSL ($50)

Rural Satellite Office: Business and Technical Requirements

1.Does not have any type of commercial WAN connectivity

2.Needs to have WAN connectivity (located 2 miles from headquarters and line of sight—show this in a diagram)

3.IP address strategy needs to support 200 users/PCs

For this milestone, determine the IP assignments for each site for the Newton Ad Agency, a startup with three locations. In addition to the IP address assignments, include a thorough explanation, including calculations, of how you subnetted the addresses.

Explanation / Answer

Subnet Mask :

To create the subnet mask, first remember that the purpose of the subnet mask is to separate the (32 bit) ip address into the network prefix and the host number. If a bit in the subnet mask is 1, the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network address; if the bit in the subnet mask is 0, the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host address.

First depict the ip address in binary. Take 192.168.100.0 and convert to binary:

First we determine what class of address it is:

Ours is a Class C address. The default subnet mask for a Class C address is:

The formula for figuring out the number of 'host' bits in a subnet mask is

Since you know the number of nodes, you need to find 'n'.

Because we want 1024 node(s) (500+200+200 = 900 so nearest 2^n is 1024), we want to leave 10 - '0' bits in the subnet mask since 1024 = 2 ^ 10.
This will give you the following subnet mask:

Which is referred to as /22 or in dotted decimal notation as 255.255.252.0

The number of 'network' bits in the subnet mask is less than the default for the Class. Therefore, this subnet mask will produce a supernet.

IP Address assignment :

The easiest way to do it is to depict both the ip address and the subnet mask in binary. Take 192.168.100.0 with subnet mask 255.255.252.0 listed in binary:

If you do a binary AND between these two numbers, you get the network address:

which translated back to dotted decimal notation is 192.168.100.0

To get the host portion, invert the subnet mask and again perform a binary AND with the ip address:

which translated back to dotted decimal notation is 0.0.0.0

To obtain the broadcast address, again it is simplest to look at it in binary. Take the inverted subnet mask and perform a binary XOR with the network address:

which translated back to dotted decimal notation is 192.168.103.255

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