Design a class named Box whose dimensions are integers and private to the class.

Question

Design a class named Box whose dimensions are integers and private to the class. The dimensions are labeled: length l, breadth b, and height h.

The default constructor of the class should initialize l, b, and h to 0.

The parameterized constructor Box(int length, int breadth, int height) should initialize Box's l,b and h to length, breadth and height.

The copy constructor Box(Box B) should set l,b and h to B's l,b and h, respectively.

Every constructor should increment the global variable BoxesCreated.

The destructor should increment the global variable BoxesDestroyed.

Apart from the constructor and destructor, the class should have 4 functions:

int getLength() - Return box's length

int getBreadth() - Return box's breadth

int getHeight() - Return box's height

long long CalculateVolume() - Return the volume of the box

Overload the operator < for the class Box. Box A < Box B if:

A.l < B.l

A.b < B.b and A.l==B.l

A.h < B.h and A.b==B.b and A.l==B.l

Overload operator << for the class Box().

If B is an object of class Box:

cout<<Bcout<<B should print B.l, B.b and B.h on a single line separated by spaces.

Constraints

0 {l,b,h } 10^5

Two boxes being compared using the < operator will not have all three dimensions equal

I was given this prompt. The question I have is:

What phase of the Software design cycle does this document represent? Are there any preconditions and postconditions presented here? If so what are they?

Explanation / Answer

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//global variables
int BoxesCreated =0;
int BoxesDestroyed = 0;
class Box
{
    private:
    int l;
    int b;
    int h;
  
  
    public:
    Box()//default constructor
    {
        l=0;
        b=0;
        h=0;
        BoxesCreated++;
    }
    Box(int length, int breadth, int height)//argument constructor
    {
        l = length;
        b = breadth;
        h = height;
        BoxesCreated++;
    }
    Box(const Box &B) //copy constructor
    {
        l = B.l;
        b = B.b;
        h = B.h;
        BoxesCreated++;
      
    }
    ~Box() //destructor
    {
        BoxesDestroyed++;
    }
  
    //get methods
    int getLength() //- Return box's length
    {
        return l;
    }

int getBreadth() //- Return box's breadth
{
    return b;
}

int getHeight() //- Return box's height
{
    return h;
}

long long CalculateVolume() //- Return the volume of the box
{
    return l*b*h;
}

//Overload the operator < for the class Box. Box A < Box B if:

bool operator<(Box other) //overloaded < operator
{
    if(l<other.l || (l == other.l && b<other.b) || (l== other.l && b == other.b && h<other.h))
    return true;
    else
    return false;
}
  
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Box& B);
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Box& B) //overloaded ostream operator
{
    os << B.l << " " << B.b << " " << B.h;
    return os;
}
int main()
{
    Box box1(56,73,54);
    Box box2(56,73,65);
  
    cout<<" Number of boxes created = "<<BoxesCreated<<endl;
  
    cout<<box1<<endl;
    cout<<box2<<endl;
  
    if(box1 < box2)
    cout<<" Box 1 is smaller than Box 2";
    else
    cout<<" Box 1 is bigger than Box 2";
  
    cout<<" Volume of Box 1 = "<<box1.CalculateVolume();
    cout<<" Volume of Box 2 = "<<box2.CalculateVolume();
   return 0;
}

output:

Number of boxes created = 2

56   73    54

56    73   65

Box 1 is smaller than Box 2

Volume of Box 1 = 220752

Volume of Box 1 = 265720

This is coding phase of Software design cycle.

Preconditions: 0 {l,b,h } 10^5

Postconditions : To check which is the bigger box object.

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