Sometimes when we visit super markets, we may share our personal details to get

ID: 3816046 • Letter: S

Question

Sometimes when we visit super markets, we may share our personal details to get (for example) "Loyalty cards" and other benefits. Do you think sharing such details is a good approach? Give arguments for both cases: "sharing details" and "not sharing details." Your answer must be complete with solid arguments. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) audits and Syndromic Surveillance are examples of systems which involve the processes of data mining. Explain briefly how these two systems use the term data mining. Additionally, support your answer with data mining definition. Discussion Topic: "What Leadership qualities are required at the Organizational level to facilitate Integration? Explain your response."

Explanation / Answer

2. According to me, sharing of your personal details is a good approach. The reasons are:

3. For IRS systems what are all the analysis and techniques used:

Taxpayer Behavior:

Examples of Analytics that how the analytics work in this:

The various techniques which are used are:

Syndromic Surveillance: Syndromic surveillance has been used for early detection of outbreaks, to follow the size, spread, and tempo of outbreaks, to monitor disease trends, and to provide reassurance that an outbreak has not occurred. Syndromic surveillance systems seek to use existing health data in real time to provide immediate analysis and feedback to those charged with investigation and follow-up of potential outbreaks.

Emerging Data Useful for Surveillance

The wide-scale implementation of electronic information systems has resulted in an increased generation and availability of data. Sources available include data systems for collecting sentinel disease reports and spontaneous adverse event reports related to drugs, vaccines, and other medical products. Others include information systems designed for various other purposes (e.g., prescription pharmaceuticals, medical encounters, inventory and marketing, over-the-counter pharmaceutical sales, and emergency service dispatches) produce data that potentially can augment evidence for monitoring and assessing the health of populations. However, the data generated from such systems do not readily lend themselves to well-defined sample/population relations. No clear sampling design is available to determine how well the data represent a target population. Applications for analyzing data in such settings are empirical in nature; interpretation of these data and subsequent implications are not well informed by theory and must be acquired through experience by engaged and invested public health professionals.

Real-Time Data

Substantial real-time public health information is available that offers potential surveillance value in the form of unstructured or text data. Data or information in such form includes news or intelligence-like reports that originate from the news media and systems like EpiX, ProMed, HealthMap, and Argus. Analyzing and understanding structured data requires different skills than those required for analyzing and understanding unstructured information. In addition, because unstructured data tend to be anecdotal in nature and are delivered more quickly than traditionally sourced surveillance data, the need to combine or fuse data and information of different types adds additional complexity to the analytics.

Electronic Health Records

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is initiating a financial incentives program to help eligible providers and eligible hospitals adopt and make meaningful use of electronic health record (EHR) technology so they can provide better health care to their patients. Over time, the EHR incentive program under Medicare and Medicaid will accelerate and facilitate health-information technology adoption by more providers and hospitals throughout the health-care system. State health departments will need to be ready to manage and analyze the expected increase of population health data as sources of electronic medical records become available in volume, in complex data-messaging structures, and in real time as patient visits occur. In addition, the clinical care measures collected by CMS will be of interest to state and local health departments that want to monitor preventive care.

Health Information Exchanges

The State Health Information Exchange Cooperative Agreement Program funds states' efforts to build capacity for exchanging health information across the health-care system both in and across states. Awardees are responsible for increasing connectivity and enabling patient-centric information flow to improve the quality and efficiency of care. This system has been built to facilitate the exchange of patient-level data among providers. It offers the potential for public health use to monitor quality of care and health status and outcomes.

Dignity and respectfulness: He respects others. An ethical leader should not use his followers as a medium to achieve his personal goals. He should respect their feelings, decision and values. Respecting the followers implies listening effectively to them, being compassionate to them, as well as being liberal in hearing opposing viewpoints. In short, it implies treating the followers in a manner that authenticate their values and beliefs.

Serving others: He serves others. An ethical leader should place his follower’s interests ahead of his interests. He should be humane. He must act in a manner that is always fruitful for his followers.

Justice: He is fair and just. An ethical leader must treat all his followers equally. There should be no personal bias. Wherever some followers are treated differently, the ground for differential treatment should be fair, clear, and built on morality.

Community building: He develops community. An ethical leader considers his own purpose as well as his followers’ purpose, while making efforts to achieve the goals suitable to both of them. He is considerate to the community interests. He does not overlook the followers’ intentions. He works harder for the community goals.

Honesty: He is loyal and honest. Honesty is essential to be an ethical and effective leader. Honest leaders can be always relied upon and depended upon. They always earn respect of their followers. An honest leader presents the fact and circumstances truly and completely, no matter how critical and harmful the fact may be. He does not misrepresent any fact.

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Sometimes when we visit super markets, we may share our personal details to get

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