Any help is appreciated, thank you! What are the arguments for and against repre

Question

Any help is appreciated, thank you!

What are the arguments for and against representing Boolean values as single bits in memory. (Recall that the C++ bool type is actually one byte in size despite the fact that a logical true/false can be encoded in one bit.) Describe the functions performed by a garbage collector. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a programming language with garbage collection services? Recall that many programming languages use short circuit evaluation when determining the result of a complex boolean expression involving add/or operations. What are the benefit of using short circuit evaluations? Are there are safety/reliability issues involved? If so, what are they? Describe how the following programming languages deal with the dangling else issue: C++, Java, Ruby, and Python. Discuss the differences between name type and structure type equivalence. Explain some potential challenges with implementing structure type equivalence.

Explanation / Answer

1)Answer:

->Boolean variables stored as single bits are very space efficient, but on most computers

access to them is slower than if they were stored as bytes.

->For: Using a single bit instead of an entire byte will conserve memory.so boolean variables stored as single bits are very space efficient

->Against: Processors to have addresses for single bits. So up to 8 Booleans values can be combined into a single byte, which means bit-wise arithmetic to separate the separate values. Although this conserves memory, it takes more time (CPU time) to deal with.

->A Boolean value could be represented by a single bit, but because a single
bit of memory cannot be accessed efficiently on many machines, they are often
stored in the smallest efficiently addressable cell of memory, typically a byte.

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