1- What aspects or characteristics of our current network of networks allows dis
ID: 3874144 • Letter: 1
Question
1- What aspects or characteristics of our current network of networks allows distributed system run in an uninhibited and cohesive fashion
2-Describe some of the challenges that one faces when creating and deploying distributed systems. These would speak directly to the characteristics of distributed systems that are challenging in the scope of today's distributed systems that run atop the network of networks that is the internet (give examples where appropriate)
3-Describe the facility that allows multiple types of operating systems to run in a virtualized environment with varying types of hardware. Include why this is so difficult and what challenges are overcome.
Explanation / Answer
1.
The real-time distributed system designers do not design their system entirely from the scratch. Nearly all the time, there exists a chunk of hardware and software resources that actually performs. What the user wants is to improve / or upgrade the functionality of his system. But the requirement that need to keep in mind, is that the existing system apparatus should not be exaggerated and all their operating procedures have to be fully respected. In some of the design decisions that needed to be considered are; a. System platform: Use of common and stable one that is much better known to the user and b. Protocols used: To use the main network communication protocol TCP / IP.
It is now feasible to design and implement distributed computing systems with large numbers of networked computers with consideration of protocols only.
Divided machines are connected via a physical network, and computers pass messages to each other through a considerable protocol. A networking operating system service interfaces to the network via the kernel and contains complex algorithms. The complex algorithm helps to deal with transparency, scheduling, security, fault tolerance, etc. They offer peer-to-peer communication services and user applications openly contact the services.
Some time multiple applications generate hudge messages and each layer needs to be able to uniquely identify the sender and intended recipient of each message for that some protocols are used, data transfer alternatives (simplex, half and full duplex), for error detection and correction that depends on environment EDC error control is used, message order conservation and swamping of a slow receiver by a fast sender.
It also considers two types of protocols, connection vs. connectionless. Connection orientated services are where a connection is created and any messages are received in the order they are sent, i.e is a real world analogy is the POTS. Connectionless services are where data is sent independently it is not dependent upon any kind of connection authentication. It is dispatched before the route is known and it may not arrive in the order sent, a real world analogy here is the postal system.
2.
As distributed systems nowadays become an essential development procedure thus the industry is also very concerned with the challenges. Challenges are nothing but the concerns / restrictions on distributed system.Some of examples of Distributed Systems are world wide web – information, resource sharing, Clusters, Network of workstations, Distributed manufacturing system (e.g., automated assembly line).
We have tried to list down the major common issues that are faced in distributed system:
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