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QUESTION 5 A lot of people call AES as an algorithm because it adopts Rijndael as a Standard. However, AES is more specific so that all implementations of AES conform to the 'standard' and are therefore inter-operable -meaning they can talk to each other. One of the things that AES takes care is how diffusion is implemented. It is implemented as a combination of shiftrows and mixcolumns. The shiftrows is simply permutation of data at byte level. using many keys. same as mixcolumns. using substitution box

Explanation / Answer

Hello there,

Answer is A.) i.e. Permutation of data at byte level.

as the process of AES algorithm, these 2 steps shiftrows and mixcolumns are 2 substeps of process, in which, shiftrow works on rows and basically shifts nth row by n-1 bytes to left side, i.e. 1st row will not shift at all, second row by 1 place shift left, etc, and apart from it, mixcolumns works on columns, in this each column is transformed with a particular function, so these 2 steps are very different.

Hope, you got the answer, feel free to ask any doubt.

Thank you

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