Co-translational and Post-translational import. 6. Your laboratory studies a euk

Question

Co-translational and Post-translational import. 6. Your laboratory studies a eukaryotic gene that codes for a regulatory transcription factor. In what cellular compartment does this regulatory transcription factor function? Describe how a regulatory transcription factor is produced and how it gets to the cellular compartment n which it functions. Begin with the events of transcription and end when you describe how this transcription factor gets into the compartment in which it functions. Pay particular attention to the compartments that are used during these events. You do not need to describe how this transcription factor works. 7. The lab next to yours is run by a scientist who is interested in how proteins are secreted from a cell. He studies a protein called laminin (the name is unimportant here). Describe how a secreted protein is produced and how it gets to the extracellular space. Begin with the events of transcription and end when you describe how this protein gets secreted from the cell. Pay particular attention to the compartments that are used during these events. You do not need to describe how laminin works.

Explanation / Answer

6. Firstly, the gene on the chromosome is transcribed to form RNA, this RNA is translated into a protein to form transcription factors. They function in nucleus, in eukaryotes, but are translated in the cell's cytoplasm. The import or export of transcription factors from the nucleus dictates their activity.

7. Firstly, the DNA is transcribed to mRNA in the nucleus. This mRNA is exported out to the cytoplasm where it binds to ribosome. The mRNA-ribosome complex proceed to the rough endoplasmic reticulum where the ribosome begins translating the mRNA. Once the mRNA is translated, the chain is folded properly to make the protein in the rough ER. The part of rough ER pinches off, making a hallow compartment, forming a vesicle which then carries the protein to the golgi apparatus. Once the vesicle containing the protein reaches the golgi apparatus, the vesicle fuses with the membrane of golgi apparatus and transports the protein inside the golgi. There the protein gets processed. Once processed, another vesicle is formed by the golgi which transports the protein to the plasma membrane, fuses with it, and releases the protein into the extracellular space.

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