search using individual internet research and complete an essay (in at least 250
ID: 405927 • Letter: S
Question
search using individual internet research and complete an essay (in at least 250 words), that investigates a cultural group in your desired field.(Health Insurance) Describe what the industry group is like in your own words with support from any outside source information you have found. Be sure to cite and reference in APA format any outside sources you have used.earch using individual internet research and complete an essay (in at least 250 words), that investigates a cultural group in your desired field. Describe what the industry group is like in your own words with support from any outside source information you have found.
Explanation / Answer
Answer:
About the cultural group in Health insurance:
Three studies published in this issue of the journal provide new insight to the sources of and contributing factors to racial and ethnic disparities in health care. In the first study, Trivedi and Ayanian conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 54,968 respondents to the 2001 California Health Interview Survey to assess the relationship between perceptions of health care discrimination and use of health services. Approximately 5% of respondents reported experiencing some form of discrimination. Those that reported discrimination were less likely to receive some preventive care services; however, adjusting for perceived discrimination did not eliminate the observed racial, gender, and insurance disparities in receipt of preventive care.
The second study by Huang et al.compared the factor structure and the rates of endorsement and differential item functioning of the well-validated 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) depression scale among 5,053 white, African American, Chinese American, and Latino primary care patients. The factor structure of the PHQ-9 was consistent across ethnic groups although there was evidence of differential item functioning for some items. The authors concluded that the PHQ-9 measures a common concept of depression and is an effective detection and monitoring tool for depression in diverse populations.
The third study by Groeneveld et al.measured racial differences in attitudes toward innovative medical technology in 171 white and black patients in an urban Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Respondents answered questions about general innovativeness (i.e., attitudes toward new concepts in general) and medical innovativeness (i.e., attitudes toward new medical drugs, devices, and procedures). There were no significant racial differences in general innovativeness, but whites had higher medical innovativeness and were more likely to accept new prescription drugs than blacks.
Industry parameters in health insurance:
The healthcare industry, represented by the healthcare Select Sector SPDR ETF (XLV), comprises four interrelated sub-industries: the healthcare provider industry, the health insurance industry, the pharmaceutical industry, and the medical device and equipment industry.
In the US, unlike other services (which are paid for by the end user), healthcare providers are mainly reimbursed by the health insurance industry. The health insurance industry is broad, comprising government programs, commercial insurers, self-insurers, and managed care companies such as health maintenance organizations (or HMOs), which incorporate both insurance and healthcare services.
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