The bacterium Thermus thermophilus was first isolated from hot springs in Japan,

Question

The bacterium Thermus thermophilus was first isolated from hot springs in Japan, living in an environment with an average temperature of 68 celsius (154F). This temperature would kill you, but these organisms are adapted to it. One of the adaptations to this lifestyle includes DNA that is 70% G-C base pairs, one of the more extreme departures from the average 50%. This chromosome is about 2.13*10^(6) bp in length, quite normal for a bacterial species.

The restriction enzyme, Haell, recognizes the degenerate sequence , 5'-RGCGC^(V)Y-3', in which R can be any purine and Y can be any pyrimidine and the ^(v) represents the site of strand cleavage. If you were to digest T. thermophiles DNA with Haell, what would be the average size of the fragments, and how many fragments would you expect to get?

Explanation / Answer

THERMUS THERMPHILUS ARE EXTERMOPHILE AND HALOTROPHS , THEY LIVE IN EXTEREME HEAT

HAE 2 ;

IT IS A TYPE TWO RESTRICTION ENZYME , THIS ENZYME RECOGNIZES THE SEQUENCE 5''RGCGC 3', THE HAE 2 RECOGNIZES AT THAT REGION AND CUTS DNA AT C 5 REGION . IT PRODUCES THE BLUNT ENDS IN THE DNA , IT IS A ENDOLYTIC CLEAVAGE .

SO THE NUMBER OF BASE PAIRS IS 70 PERCENT ARE GC PAIRING , EACH ENZYME CUTS IN GENERAL INTO 1/4 , SO IF WE MULTIPLY WITH   1/4 NUCLOTIDE MULTIPLIED WITH FRQUENCY OF GC PAIRING 75 GIVES THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF FRAGMENTS =18.75 THIS IS THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF FRAGMENTS .

SO IF WE DIVIDE THE GNOME WITH NUMBER OF FRAGMENTS WE WILL GET SIZE OF THE FRAGMENTS = 2.13*106 DIVIDED BY 18.75 GIVES=8.68*106 IS THE AVERAGE SIZE OF THE FRAGMENT

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