(a) Figure 1.10 in Robbins et al, 2015 provides an overview of the need to manag
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(a) Figure 1.10 in Robbins et al, 2015 provides an overview of the need to manage. Explain the different components of the figure with a view to how management is necessary. (5 marks) All sizes of organisation Small Large All organisational areas Manufacturing -Marketing Human resources-Accounting Information systems- etc All types of organisations Management is needed in Profit Not-for-profit All organisation levels BottomTop Figure llustrating the universal need for management (source: Robbins et al, 2015 figure 1.10) (b) How would you explain the evolution of modern management principles? You may choose to begin from as far ago as the industrial revolution (5 marks)Explanation / Answer
(A) Management is the efficient administration of the organization. It is a set of principles which includes the management functions namely, planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Management is important in organizations to achieve the vision and mission of the organization. Management is necessary for
Thus, it is imperative to say that if there is no management, then there is no purpose for the organization. An organization consists of all the management functions for the efficient functioning of the organization to achieve the desired results.
(b) Evolution of management principles:
The management theory evolved in the late 19th century after the industrial revolution happened.
Scientific management theory- The main concept then was mechanization which changed the small scale manufacturing into large scale manufacturing. The classical approach to management was to strive for economic efficiency.
Administrative management theory- This theory emphasizes on the theory of bureaucracy and Fayol’s principles of management. This theory was based on the study as how to create an organization structure so that the organization achieves efficiency and effectiveness.
Behavioral management theory- This theory was based on the work of Mary Parker Follet; Hawthorne studies and Theory X and Y. This study focuses on what motivates employees to increase productivity. There is a high commitment towards the achievement of goals.
Management Science theory or modern management theory- This approach uses rigorous quantitative techniques so that the managers make optimum use of the resources in the organization. Quantitative techniques, Operations Management, Total Quality Management and Management Information Systems are concepts used in this theory.
Organizational Environment theory-This is the latest approach to management which uses the contingency model. This model states that management is situational based and the functioning of the management lies on the different variables in the situation.
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