Your class has watched a television documentary on the impact of global tourism.

Question

Your class has watched a television documentary on the impact of global tourism. You have made the notes below: Areas affected by global tourism the environment local economies international understanding Some opinions expressed in the documentary: "Increased travel can have major effects on wildlife and nature." "The survival of local economies depends on tourism." "Travel helps us understand others better." Write an essay discussing two of the areas affected in your notes. You should explain which area has been more affected by global tourism, giving reasons in support of your answer. You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the documentary, but you should use your own words as far as possible

Explanation / Answer

Global tourism means travelling around the world. But, it also relates to the income level as global tourism is a source of income for many countries affecting the economy. Tourism acts as an activity in developing economy through foreign exchange earnings. It is beneficial for rural areas and developing countries economically as well as socially. Tourism affects the level of employment by offering jobs within the tourism industry and indirectly in the sectors of transportation and retail, resulting in low poverty levels. Global tourism provides an opportunity to small scale businesses to grow and develop especially in rural areas. Local businesses earn income by tourists by offering them vacation packages. However, if the tourists stay in cruise or resort for the whole vacation, the local people miss out profits from tourists. Local restaurants and hotels can generate a good amount of income which gives rise to their standard of living. Moreover, tourism industry generates extra tax revenues which further are useful in local schools, hospitals and infrastructure. Global tourism provides leisure amenities to tourist destinations resulting in benefits of the local community. This way, tourism push up local economy. It gives rise to the local property prices and the cost of goods & services provided to tourists which is beneficial for the local people. However, tourist destinations sometimes, get affected by natural disasters devastating the economic infrastructure of that particular place and hitting the tourism industry, eventually affecting the local businesses dependent on tourism.

Global tourism has a negative impact on environmental conditions. Certain negative impact occurs when the number of tourists is greater than the environmental ability to cope with the change. Level of visitors put enormous pressure on environmental areas and causes environmental imbalances such as increase level of pollution, discharges or trash into water bodies (lakes, river or seas), natural habitat loss and pressure on endangered species.

Tourism puts pressure on natural resources like water, air, land. Tourism industry uses excess amount of water for hotels, restaurants, swimming pools, etc. This can result in water shortages and low water supplies giving rise to water wastage.

Forest often gets affected by tourism in the form of deforestation caused by land clearing for tourists. Trees are often cut in huge amount for the use of wood in building accommodations for tourists. This causes ecological imbalances in the environment which somehow affects the global warming.

As tourism benefits the transportation sector, giving rise to transport by air, rail and road is increasing which gives rise to transport emissions causing air pollution and affecting global warming.

There are some of the tourist destinations where high amount of tourist activities is found. This has caused waste disposal negatively impacting the natural environment, like rivers and landscapes. Cruise ships emit a huge amount of waste every year. Littering can spoil the physical appearance of the water affecting marine life.

On hill stations and mountains, tourists leave their waste, eatables and even camping equipment behind destroying the natural environment.

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