5) Which of the following might indicated abnormal kidney function? a)creatinine

Question

5) Which of the following might indicated abnormal kidney function?

a)creatinine clearance less than 120-140 mL/min

b)serum creatinine less than 1.5 mg/dL (135 mmol/liter)

c) glucose in the urine

d) creatinine clearance less than 120-140 mL/min and serum creatinine less than 1.5 mg/dL (135 mmol/liter) are both correct

e)creatinine clearance less than 120-140 mL/min, serum creatinine less than 1.5 mg/dL (135 mmol/liter), and glucose in the urine are all correct

6) ACE inhibitors can lower blood pressure because inhibiting ACE

a) stops the secretion of renin

b) prevents the formation of angiotensin I

c) prevents the formation of angiotensin II

d)increases the secretion of aldosterone

e)prevents norepinephrine from binding alpha 1 receptors on blood vessels

Explanation / Answer

5. Answer is a) creatinine clearance less than 120-140 ml/min

Creatinine is the by product of muscle metabolism. It is mainly excreted by the kidneys. Creatinine clearance rate is used to measure GFR(Glomerular filtration Rate) which is a measure how efficiently kidneys are working. Normal range of creatinine clearance is 97 to137 ml/min in males and 88 to 128 ml/min in females. Lower value of creatinine clearance indicates kidney pronlem.

Creatinine can also be measured in serum whose normal value is 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dl in males and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dl in females. A value higher than this normal indicate kidney dysfunction to eliminate creatinine out of body.

glucose in urine measure the amount of glucose in body which tells about the diabetic status of patient.

6. ACE(Angiotensin Converting Enyzme) inhibitor lower the blood pressure as they inhibit the formation of angiotensin II.

Angiotensin I is converted into Angiotensin II by the enzyme ACE. They decreases the cardiac output, lower resistance in blood vessels in the kidneys and increased excretion of sodium out of body. Thus, maintaing the blood pressure.

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