For A I said they are all dipole dipole interactions and as molecular weight inc

Question

For A I said they are all dipole dipole interactions and as molecular weight increases so does distillation range temperature along with an increase in retention times. Acetone has the lowest distillation range because it is a bigger compound with the same forces as the other two compounds.

For B they all have a C=O bond but have different carbon atoms total as well as different molecular weights, but as those molecular weights increase, so does the IM force strength and boiling points. More carbons in the chain equals higher molecular weight, stronger IM forces, higher boiling points, and lower retention times.

Please help with C and D.

Explanation / Answer

C) Alcohols 1-butanol and 2-butanol are capable for forming intermolecular hydrogen bonding and thus have higher boiling point than that of 2-butanone, a ketone.On the other hand 2-butanone being stays on the tlc plate for longer period and moves slower than the two alcohols. These properties are apparent with higher boiling point seen for alcohols than ketone.

D) The first two alcohols are more polar than the ketone. Alcohols due to -OH group are capable of forming hydrogen bonds. Ketone lacks this tendency of hydrogen bond formation and hence boils at much lower temperature being less polar.

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