1)Mechanims by which antibiotics kill or inhibit microbial growth are: a) Inhibi
ID: 48765 • Letter: 1
Question
1)Mechanims by which antibiotics kill or inhibit microbial growth are: a) Inhibition of cell wall synthesis b) Injury of cell membrane c) Inhibition of protein synthesis d) Inhibition of DNA or RNA synthesis e) All of the above
2)The semisynthetic methicillin has the advantage of: a) Being broad spectrum b) Being inactivated by penicillanse only on prolonged usage c) Not being affected by penicillinase d) All of the above e) None of the above
3)Which of the following interfere with cell wall synthesis? a) Chloramphenicol b) Tetracyclines c) Penicillin d) Bacitracin e) Only C and D above
4)A rare but serious complication of chloramphenicol treatment is: a) Kidney damage b) deafness due to damage of eight cranial nerve c) Anemia due to suppression of bone marrow cells d0 Anemia due to destruction of circulationg red blood cells e) None of the above
5)The development of drug resistance in a microorganism may be due to: a) Abilty of the organism to destroy the abtibiotic b)mutation that allows the organism to by-pass the sensitive step c)Sporulation d)All of the above e) Only A and B above
6)The synthesis of vitamins B and K by enteric bacteria provides an example: a) Commensalism b) Symbiosis c) Opportunism d) Infection e) synegestic effect
7)The normal habotat of Staphylococcus aureus may be: a) Urinary tract b) stomach c) Healthy tissues d) nose, throat, and skin e) Scalp
8)Clostridium perfringens may be found as a part of the normal flora in: a) Mouth b) Intestines c) Lungs d) Urinary tract e) Wounds
9)A disease constantly present in a locality is said to be: a) Endemic b) Epidemic c) Pandemic d) Sporadic e) Reservoir
10)Foreign substances that induce a specific immune response after gaining entrance to the body are termed: a) Antigens b) Antibodies c) Cytolysins d) Complement e) None o the above
11)Essential prperties of an antigen are: a) It must be foreign to the host b) It must be degradable by the host c) It must be a large molecule and possess at least two different determinant groups d) It must posses a three-dimentional or tertiary structure e) All of the above
12)Based on antigenic differences inH chains, antibodies have been divided into the following classes: a) IgG and Iga b) IgM and IgD c0 Ige d) all of the above e)None of the above
13)quantitatively the largest class of immunoglobulins in human serum is: a) IgG b) IgA c) IgM d) IgD e)IgE
14)Which of the following statements are applicable to IgM immunoglobulins: a) They are the antibodies first to be detected after injection of an antigen b) In the presence of complement, they are highly lethal to gram-negative bacteria c) They play an importantnprotective role during the early stags of infection d) All of the above e) None of the above
15)Antibodies are chiefly produced by: a) Lymphocytes b) Eosinophilis c) Erythrocutes d) Polymorphonuclear neutrophils e) None of the above
16)Today antiserum is mainly used for: a) Temporary prevention of certain viral infections b) Neutralization of certain potent bacterial toxins c) Treatment of hepatitis patients d) Only A and B above e) None of the above
17)antiserum may be described as: a) Blood serum that contains antibodies b) Blood serum that contains antigens c) Blood serum that contain an antibiotic d) Bovine blood serum prior to injection of an antigen e) None of the above
18)The sources of antiserum are: a) Chemical synthesis in the laboratory b) Blood from animal that has developed antibodies to a specific antigen c) Gamma globulin separatd from pooled human blood d) All of the above e) Only B and C above
19)The major advantage of antiserum is: a) It is quickly and easily produced b)It provides circulationg antibodies immediately c) It can be administered orally d) All of the above e) none of the above
20) A viral vaccine for the common cold probably would not be beneficial because: a) A pure culture cannot be frown in tissue cultures b) A multiplicity of viral agents is responsible for the coomon cold c) Immunity is of brief duration d) All of the above e) None of the above
21)Diagnosis of infectious diseases may include the following levels: a) clinical b) Antibody response c) Isolation and identification of the causative agent d) All of the above e) None of the above
22)The lower respiratory tract is ususally kept free of microorganisms by: a) The combined action of mucus secretion and ciliary action b) Antibiotics c) Frequent use of nose drops d) All of the above e) None of the above
23)Complications following recovery from acute infections by B-streptococci may include: a)Erysipelas b) rheumatic fever c) Acute glomerulonephritis d) Only B and C above e)All of the above
24)he virulwnce of the pneumococcus appears to be solely dependent on: a) Leukocidins b) Hyaluronidase c) Capsule d) Hemolysins e) None of the above
25)The organism responsible for most cases of acute bacterial meningitis in the aduly is: a) Haemophilus influenzae b) diplococcus pneumoniaenc) Neisseria catarrhalis d) Neisseria meningitidis e) None of the above
26)The source of most meningococcal infections is: a) Healthy carrier b) Direct contact with an acute infection c) Contaminated water d) Insect vectors e) None of the above
27)Local inflammation and fever in whooping cough may be due to the release of: a) Exotoxins b) Endotoxins c) Extracellular enzymes d) Only A and B above e) None of the above
28)The severity of diphtheria is due to: a) Action of exotoxin b) Action of endotoxins c) Infection following tracheotomy d) All of the above e) none of the above
29)The most important preventive measure for diphtheria is: a) Avoid infected persons b) Immunizaton with diphtheria toxoid c) Immunization with diphtheria antitoxin d) Antibiotic prophylaxis e) None of the above
30)A point to note in relation to tuberculosis is: a) It is always acute b) It is always chronic c) The outcome of the struggle between the tubercle bacillus and the hist may not be decided for many years d) The disease is always confined to the lungs e) None of the above
31)A posotive tuberculin test indicated: a) active tuberculosis b) The person has been infected with tubercle bacilli c) hypersensitivity to tuberculoprotein d) None of the above e) Only B and C above
32)An individual can have several common cold infections over a short period because: a) Over 100 serologic types of rhinoviruses have been isolated b) Each type of rhinovirus is immunologically distinct c) No immunity results from any virus infection d) All of the above e) Only A and B above
33)An effective vaccine against the common cold does not appear feasible because: a) There are over 100 different rhinoviruses b) There is no immunity to rhinoviruses c) rhinoviruses cannot be cultivated insufficient quantity d) Rhinoviruses cannot be attenuated for safe use e) none of the above
34)The most feared complication of mumps is: a) Sterility in the male b) Infertility in the female c) Pneumonia d) Endocarditis e) None of the above
35)Smallpox can be controlled by: a) Antibiotics b) Antiserum c) Vaccintion d) Isolation of infected persons e) none of the above
36)Which of the following may be spread by respiratory secretions? a) Measles b) INFLUENZA C) smallpox d) All of the above e) only A and C above
37)which of the following genera are lactose-fermenters? a) Excherichia b) Enterobacter c) Salmonella and shingella d) All of the above e) Only A and B above
38)The main antibiotic effective against Salmonella typhosa is: a) Penicillin b) streptomycin c) Chloramphenicol d) Sulfanilamine e) None of the above
39)Poliomyelitis is spread primarily by: a) Respiratory secretions b) Droplet nuclei c) Feca-oral route d) Only A and B above
40)The most common method for the transmission of serum hepatitis is: a) direct injection b) Respiratory secretions c) Fomities d) Contaminated water e) None of the above
41)The infective source for amebic dysentery is: a) Chickens b) Chronically infected persons c) carriers d) All of the above e) Only B and C above
42)Urinary tract infections are most commonly caused by: a) Gram-negative bacilli b) gram-positive cocci c) gram-positive bacilli d) Gram-negative cocci e) None of the above
43)The causative agent of syphillis: a) Neisseria gonorrheae b) Treponema pallidum c) Chlamydia d) Haemophilus ducreyi e) None of the abobe
44)The gonococcus is morphologically similar to: a) Treponemz pallidum b) Meningococcus c) Staphylococcus d) Streptococcus e) None of the above
45)Which of the following disease agents may be tranmitted through sexual intercourse? a) Haemophilus ducreyi b) Chlamydia c) Trichomonas vaginalis d) All of the above e) Only A and B above
Explanation / Answer
1.d) Inhibition of DNA or RNA synthesis
2. c) Not being affected by penicillinase
3.c) Penicillin
4.c) Anemia due to suppression of bone marrow
5. b)mutation that allows the organism to by-pass the sensitive
6. c) Opportunism
please divide rest into 7 parts 6 questions each. dont culb all together
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