A chemist forgets to initially dry a test tube to constant mass before dehydrati

Question

A chemist forgets to initially dry a test tube to constant mass before dehydrating an unknown metal sulfate hydrate (assume the remainder of the experiment is performed properly). As a result, will the mass percentage (%) of water in the sample be overestimated, underestimated or remain unaffected? Explain your reasoning. A chemist heats an unknown metal sulfate hydrate too vigorously in the dehydration process, and as a result, some of the solid in the test tube is ejected onto the lab bench. If this loss is not considered, will the calculated mass percentage (%) of water in the sample be overestimated, underestimated or remain unaffected? Explain your reasoning.

Explanation / Answer

It will be overestimated

because if we didn't dry the tube before weighing intial mass will be more than the actual intial mass due to the presence of water that didn't dry in test tube.

so mass of hydrate = Intial mass of test tube - final mass of test tube after heating is over

2) Mass % of water will be overestimated

if some of the solid is ejected into bench then the final mass of hydrate will be less than the actual final mass hence giving more value of mass of water which is wrong and hence it will result in overestimation of water %

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