Ammonia (NH 3 ) is a colorless, pungent gas at standard pressure and temperature
ID: 495918 • Letter: A
Question
Ammonia (NH3) is a colorless, pungent gas at standard pressure and temperature. It is a natural metabolic byproduct, usually getting released in respiration, sweat, and urine. However, because ammonia is caustic, exposure to large quantities of it can cause illness. To safely produce and store ammonia, its physical and thermodynamic properties must be understood. Physically, ammonia is a strong base that reacts with acids and metals. The thermodynamic properties describing the phases of ammonia (solid, liquid, and gas) and the transitions between the phases are just as important. The relationship of these phases to pressure and temperature is quantitatively described by ammonia's pT phase diagram. Note that, in this diagram, the pressure axis is not to scale. For this problem, any section of curve on the diagram can be named using two letters on the boundary in alphabetical order. Other points not lying on the boundary can also be used to help identify various thermodynamic processes.
At one atmosphere of pressure and temperatures above -33.3 oC ammonia exists as a gas. For transportation, ammonia is stored as a liquid under its own vapor pressure. This means that the liquid and gas phases exist simultaneously. If a container of ammonia is transported in an temperature-controlled truck that is maintained at no greater than 330 K, what maximum pressure p must the sides of the container be able to withstand? [Express your answer in units of atmosphere, atm]
Ammonia (NH3) is a colorless, pungent gas att standard pressure and temperature. It is a natural metabolic byproduct, usually getting released in respiration, sweat, and urine. However, because ammonia is caustic, exposure to large quantities of it can cause illness. To safely produce and store ammonia, its physical and thermodynamic properties must be understood. Physically, ammonia is a strong base that reacts with acids and metals. The thermodynamic properties describing the phases of ammonia (solid, liquid, and gas) and the transitions between the phases are just as important. The relationship of these phases to pressure and temperature is quantitatively described by ammonia's pTphase diagram. Note that, in this diagram, the pressure axis is not to scale. For this problem, any section of curve on the diagram can be named using two letters on the boundary in alphabetical order. Other points not lying on the boundary can also be used to help identify various thermodynamic processes p (atm) 12.0 Solid Liquid 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 Gas 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.05 TOK) 10 100 200 300 400 At one atmosphere of pressure and temperatures above -33.3 Cammonia exists as a gas. For transportation, ammonia is stored as a liquid under its own vapor pressure. This means that the liquid and gas phases exist simultaneously. If a container of ammonia is transported in an temperature-controlled truck that is maintained at no greater than 330 K, what maximum pressure p must the sides of the container be able to withstand? [Express your answer in units ofatmosphere, atm]Explanation / Answer
At one atmosphere of pressure and temperatures above -33.3 oC ammonia exists as a gas. For transportation, ammonia is stored as a liquid under its own vapor pressure. This means that the liquid and gas phases exist simultaneously. If a container of ammonia is transported in an temperature-controlled truck that is maintained at no greater than 330 K, what maximum pressure p must the sides of the container be able to withstand
Clearly, will be that temperature at T = 330K
so
find the equilibrium of liquid + vapor (ignore solid)
find T = 330K, for this, we got approx 5 atm (it is hard to get an accurate vlaue due to the resolutoin of the image)
so the max P it should have is about 5 atm, lower P will make expansion of gas
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