Q19.7 please What is the difference between the transition dipole moment and the

Question

Q19.7 please

What is the difference between the transition dipole moment and the dynamic dipole moment? Nitrogen and oxygen do not absorb infrared radiation and are therefore not greenhouse gases. Why is this the case? Does the initial excitation in Raman spectroscopy result in a stationary state of the system? Explain your answer. What feature of the Morse potential makes it suitable for modeling dissociation of a diatomic molecule? If the mutational levels of a diatomic molecule were equally spaced and the selection rule remained unchanged how would the appearance of the rotational-vibrational spectrum in Figure 19.17 change?

Explanation / Answer

For a molecule to absorb IR EMR (Electro Magnetic Radiation), there must be a change in the dipole moment during the vibration. Homonuclear diatomic molecules do not possess a net dipole moments, this results they are IR inactive and Raman active. In other words there is no net change in the dipole moment during the vibration of homonuclear molecules such as O2, N2, and H2, and these molecules do not absorb IR radiation. The ability of a molecule to absorb radiation during a particular vibration depends on its electrical geometry. Even we can imagine Cl2, Br2, all homonuclear diatomic linear molecules are IR inactive. If a molecule does not absorb IR radiation it will not re-radiate the sun radiation back to earth (Greenhouse effect).

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