5-If a farmer sprays a pesticide onto a field and kills half of the insect pests

Question

5-If a farmer sprays a pesticide onto a field and kills half of the insect pests, he has caused a reduction in________.
a. field capacity
b. carrying capacity
c. population size
d. More than one of the above

6-What type of survivorship curve would you expect for a plant species in which only a few seeds are produced and most of these survive to produce adult plants?
a. type I
b. type II
c. type III

7-An ecological niche is an organism's_______ in an ecosystem.
a. location
b. habitat        
c. resources        
d.  function

8-No matter how rapidly populations grow, they eventually reach a limit and begin to stabilize. This is called the ______________.

9-Unicellular algae live in the tissues of coral animals. The algae provide food for the coral, while the coral provides a stable home for the algae. This is an example of
a. Parasitism
b. Commensalism
c. Mutualism

10-The vast majority of energy taken into an ecosystem is____________.
a. converted into biomass by plants.
b. utilized by secondary consumers.
c. lost as heat.
d. used by the primary consumers.
e. concentrated in the decomposers.  

11-A farmer is using an insecticide to treat his crops. While most insects do not survive their first exposure to the insecticide some have a gene that enables them to survive. When these survivors reproduce they will likely pass along this resistance to their offspring. This results in an increase in numbers of the insects over time. Which of the following processes applies to this survival?
a. cloning
b. mutation
c. natural selection
d. genetic engineering

12-What is the ecological relationship between insects and crops?
a.     mutualism
b.    competition
c.    predation

13-Sea anemones growing on the backs of crabs without damaging the crabs are an example of
a. Parasitism
b. Commensalism
c. Mutualism

14-Which of these is a population density-independent regulating factor?
a. Competition
b. Predation
c. Size of population
d. Weather
e. Resource availability

15-Producers are_________.
a. Autotrophs
b. Herbivores
c. Omnivores
d. Carnivores

16-If biological magnification occurs, the ___ will have the highest levels of toxins in their systems.
a. producers
b. herbivores
c. primary carnivores
d. top carnivores

17Given the amount of sunlight that hits the plants on our planet, and the ability of plants for rapid growth and reproduction, how come we aren’t all hip deep in dead plants?

Explanation / Answer

5-If a farmer sprays a pesticide onto a field and kills half of the insect pests, he has caused a reduction in Population size (NOTE: Population Size is the number of individual organisms in a population. Here the number of insect pests are getting reduced)

6-What type of survivorship curve would you expect for a plant species in which only a few seeds are produced and most of these survive to produce adult plants?
a. type I (NOTE: Type I survivorship curves - high age-specific survival probability in early and middle life,-> rapid decline in survival in later life. They are typical of species that produce few offspring but care for them well, for eg. Human being.)

7- An ecological niche is an organism's habitat in an ecosystem. (NOTE: The ecological niche includes both the animal's or plant's physical habitat and how it has adapted to life in that habitat)

8- No matter how rapidly populations grow, they eventually reach a limit and begin to stabilize. This is called the Carrying Capacity (NOTE: The carrying capacity of a biological species in an environment - maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water and other necessities available in the environment.)

9- Unicellular algae live in the tissues of coral animals. The algae provide food for the coral, while the coral provides a stable home for the algae. This is an example of Commensalism. (NOTE: Commensalism is the class of relationship between two organisms, where they benefit each other without causing harm to each other)

10- The vast majority of energy taken into an ecosystem is lost as heat

11- A farmer is using an insecticide to treat his crops. While most insects do not survive their first exposure to the insecticide some have a gene that enables them to survive. When these survivors reproduce they will likely pass along this resistance to their offspring. This results in an increase in numbers of the insects over time. Which of the following processes applies to this survival: Mutation (Mutation is a permanent change of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic materials.)

12- What is the ecological relationship between insects and crops? predation (NOTE: The relation is Predator- prey here the crops play the role of prey and the insects are Predators, they feed on Crops)

13- Sea anemones growing on the backs of crabs without damaging the crabs are an example of Commensalism. (NOTE: Commensalism is the class of relationship between two organisms, where they benefit each other without causing harm to each other)

14- Which of these is a population density-independent regulating factor? Weather (NOTE: Population density independent factors are limiting factors for population, Eg. of density-independent limiting factors include: unusual weather, natural disasters, seasonal cycles, certain human activities—such as damming rivers and clear-cutting forests.)

15-Producers are Autotrophs (NOTE:Producers (organisms) are that part of ecosystem that produce biomass from inorganic compounds - AUTOTROPHS)

16-If biological magnification occurs, the top carnivores will have the highest levels of toxins in their systems. (NOTE: because they ingest the Toxic Prey)

17- Given the amount of sunlight that hits the plants on our planet, and the ability of plants for rapid growth and reproduction, how come we aren’t all hip deep in dead plants?

Decomposition is the process which converts (breaks down) the dead plants, to simpler materials and mix with the surrounding soil, and provide nutrients for other plants and animals.

And causes disintegration and assimilation of organism (here plants) into the surrounding environment.

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