Using the NaCL-H_2O phase diagram from Lecture 14.2, please answer the following

Question

Using the NaCL-H_2O phase diagram from Lecture 14.2, please answer the following questions. (a) How many pounds of ice can 1 lb of NaCl melt at 30 degree F? At 20 degree F? (b) The Dead Sea has a salinity of 33.7%. Assuming that this is the wt% of NaCl in water, how many phases are present in the Dead Sea and what are they? If the Atlantic Ocean is only 3.7 wt% NaCl on average, how many phases are present and what are they? Assume a temperature of 40 degree F. (c) The Titanic sank after hitting an iceberg. If the temperature was -2 degree c that night, what was the salinity in the ocean in order to have the coexistence of ice and salt water?

Explanation / Answer

Answer (a)

From the above given graph,

Most experienced snowfighters know that the colder it gets the harder it is to get salt to brine (form a solution from melting snow/ice) but few realize just how dramatically that performance curve drops off.

At 30° F, 1 lb of salt will melt 46 lbs of ice, however, at 15° F that performance will drop by over 86%! Yes it is only 13% as effective at 15 ° as it is at 30°.

POUNDS OF ICE MELTED PER POUND OF SALT Temperature Degrees F One Pound of Sodium Chloride (Salt) 30 46.3 lb of ice 20 8.6 lb of ice 15 6.3 lb of ice 10 4.9 lb of ice 5 4.1 lb of ice 0 3.7 lb of ice -6 3.2 lb of ice

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