section Pre-Laboratory Assignment 1. Briefly describe the hazards you should be

Question

section Pre-Laboratory Assignment 1. Briefly describe the hazards you should be aware 3. Calculate the number of moles in: of when working with: (1) acetic anhydride ing Physical (2) concentrated sulfuric acid (2) 4.0 mL of acetic anhydride (GMM: 102 g mor density: 1.08 g ml 2. Briefly define the following terms as they pertain to this experiment: (1) analgesic (2) hydrolysis reaction 4. Based on the amounts of reagents specified in this experiment, calculate the theoretical yield of aspirin (GMM: 180 g mol 1) in terms of: (1) moles (3) esterification reaction (2) grams (4) antipyretic

Explanation / Answer

1) 1.Acetic anhydride hazards: Very hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive, permeator), of eye contact (corrosive). Liquid or spray mist may produce tissue damage particularly on mucous membranes of eyes, mouth and respiratory tract. Skin contact may produce burns.

2. Concentrated sulfuric acid: Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive, irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant, corrosive), of ingestion, of inhalation. Liquid or spray mist may produce tissue damage particularly on mucous membranes of eyes, mouth and respiratory tract. Skin contact may produce burns. Inhalation of the spray mist may produce severe irritation of respiratory tract, characterized by coughing, choking, or shortness of breath. Severe over-exposure can result in death. Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching. Skin inflammation is characterized by itching, scaling, reddening, or occasionally, blistering.

2) 2. Hydrolysis reaction: The reactants other than water, and the products of hydrolysis, may be neutral molecules as in most hydrolyses involving organic compounds—or ionic molecules, as in hydrolyses of salts, acids, and bases. Reaction of methyl acetate and water demonstrating the hydrolysis of an ester.

    3. Esterification reaction: Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials, and often have a characteristic pleasant, fruity odor.

3) 1. Salicylic acid = 2.1 g

        Molar mass = 138 g/mol

        Then Moles = (2.1 g) / (138 g/mol) = 0.0152 mol

     2. Acetic anhydride = 4 ml

         Molar mass = 102 g/mol ; Density = 1.06 g/mol

         Than moles acetic anhydride = (4 ml)*((1.06 g/mol)/(102 g/mol)) = 0.0415 mol.

4) 1. Moles = 2.1/180 = 0.011 moles

    2. Grams = (0.011 mol)(180 g/mol) = 1.98 grams.

5) The ferric chloride test was used to compare the salicylic acid, crude aspirin, and purified aspirin. After the addition of the ferric chloride, the salicylic acid solution turned purple, and both the aspirin solutions were yellow. It is then protonated to crash the salicylic acid out of solution.

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