QUESTION 5 The vast numbers of finch species on the Galapagos Islands are very c

Question

QUESTION 5

The vast numbers of finch species on the Galapagos Islands are very closely related and differ primarily by feeding specializations. What process best explains this distribution of species?

sympatric speciation

mass extinction

adaptive radiation

polyploidy

10 points   

QUESTION 6

Frogs "croak" at night to lure females for mating. Females are attracted only to the song of their species. This is an example of

mechanical isolation

temporal isolation

habitat isolation

behavioral isolation

10 points   

QUESTION 7

To prepare for a hiking trip in the Appalachian mountains, you buy several field guides for the region from a used bookstore. You notice that the older guides list a single species of tiger swallowtail butterfly, Papilio glaucus, and an Appalachian morph of this species. However, the newest guide list two separate species, P. glaucus and P. appalachiensis. The authors of this guide state that the biological species concept was used in determining their classifications. What do you think led them to list two separate species of tiger swallowtail?

The discovery that P. glaucus and P. appalachiensis interbreed in the wild

The discovery that P. glaucus and P. appalachiensis have a genomic similarity of 99%

The discovery that P. glaucus and P. appalachiensis do not interbreed in the wild

The discovery that P. glaucus and P. appalachiensis have distinct differences in wing coloration

10 points   

QUESTION 8

A scientist is studying a population of crickets and finds that there is variation in the songs used by males to call for mates. Some males call with high pitched, 3 chirp songs and some call with low pitched, 4 chirp songs. However, offspring from the two types of males are able to interbreed, so the scientist classifies the population as a single cricket species and goes on to another project. One year later, a mutation arises in a female cricket that makes her unable to hear high frequencies. Ten years later, a graduate student returns to the same cricket population and discovers that there are now two distinct cricket species in the area, although they appear morphologically identical. What is the most likely explanation?

Temporal isolation has led to allopatric speciation

Sexual selection has led to sympatric speciation

Habitat isolation has led to allopatric speciation

Gametic isolation has led to sympatric speciation

sympatric speciation

mass extinction

adaptive radiation

polyploidy

Explanation / Answer

5. Adaptive radiation

Since new resources were available, finches were able to diversify rapidly but were closely related

6. Behavioral isolation

Due to choice of courtship behavior females select their mates. How frog croaks is a kind of behavior and hence females not mating with other males represents the case of behavioral isolation.

7. Third option is the correct answer

Species are defined on the basis of a group of individuals who have the ability to interbreed with each other but they cannot breed individuals from another group or species. Hence, the listing of two species indicates that individuals from one group were not able to mate with individuals from another group.

8. Sexual selection has led to sympatric speciation

Since new species of cricket has evolved from single ancestral species therefore, the given case represents second option given in the question.

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