Explain how breathing occurs using Boyle\'s law. Include and define volume and p

Question

Explain how breathing occurs using Boyle's law. Include and define volume and pressure in your answer. Why is temperature not usually considered for breathing problems? What are the numerical values for the pH scale of aqueous systems? What does the p in pH stand for? Which is more acidic a pH of 3 or a pH of 1? How many times more acidic? Show chemical equations for the industrial production of hydrochloric acid (hydrogen chloride). What is the difference between hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid. How many grams are in a 1.0L saturated solution of HCl at 25 degree C? What Molarity is this saturated HCl solution? Metallic Lithium is a highly reactive metal. How is it prepared? It is common in a "lithium ion" battery. Explain the reactions that produce electricity in a lithium ion battery.

Explanation / Answer

Boyles law states that at constant temperature and for a given mass of gas, PV= constant

P= pressrue and V= Volume. So Pressure and volume will have inverse relation.

When the volume of the lungs changes, according to Boyle’s law, the pressure of the air in the lungs changes. If the pressure is greater in the lungs than outside the lungs, then air comes out. If the pressure in the lungs is less than outside of lungs, then air is breathed in.

During breathing, there is not significant change in temperature.

2. pH for aqueous systems vary from 1 to 14. pstands for potential. pH is defines as pH=-log[H+], lower the [H+] value, higher the pH and higher the [H+] value lower the pH and more stronger the acid is

pH= 3, [H+]= 10-3, pH= 1, [H+]= 10-1,

hence pH=1/pH=3= 10-1/10-3 =100 times

3. HCl is preapred from the reaction of H2 and Cl2 obtained from chloralkali industries

H2+Cl2----->2HCl, Hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid are same.

HCl is avaialbe at 37%. its density is 1.2 g/ml. so mass of 1 liter of solution is 1.2*1000=1200gm

mass of HCl= 444gm

moles of HCl= mass/molar mass= 444/36.5=12.16 gmoles

Molarity= moles/L= 12.16/1= 12.16M

4. Sea water contains 0.17 mg/L of lithium and can be removed from sea water uisng ion-seive adsorbent.

cathode reaction is COO2+Li++e- ---->LiCoO2

anode reaction is LiC6----->C6+Li+ +e-

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