The proteome is the complete set of proteins in the cell at a given time, i.e. u
ID: 52370 • Letter: T
Question
The proteome is the complete set of proteins in the cell at a given time, i.e. under a specific growth condition Which proteins are produced under a specific.condition? How does the proteome change under a different growth condition? Isolation of all proteins in the cell (separation from other components of the cell) Separation of the different proteins (by size, isoelectric point, etc.) Relative quantification of specific proteins for one and another condition - comparison Identification of differentially produced proteins (by mass spectroscopy).Explanation / Answer
Proteome is the complete set of proteins produced by the genome at any given time. It is much more complex than the genome and transcriptome, since it can be chemically modified in different ways after synthesis. The proteome is very dynamic; most of the cells in the body contain the same genome regardless of the type of cell, developmental stage, and environmental conditions. However, it varies in these differing circumstances due to different patterns of gene expression and different patterns of protein modification.
Since cells respond constantly to the changing environment their proteome also keep changing. Thus, cells contain varied proteome under different growth conditions. The qualitative and quantitative comparison of proteomes under different conditions is called proteomics. Different signals from the environment trigger different cells of the body to produce different proteins. Thus, proteome varies in different growth stages.
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