3 to 21 help In this plzz What are the different types of amphiphathic molecules

Question

3 to 21 help In this plzz What are the different types of amphiphathic molecules in the plasma membrane and their explain their orientation in the membrane Name the phospholipids molecules found in the membrane and draw their structure. What are the structural differences between phospholipids and glycolipids What are the factors which affect the membrane fluidity and how do they affect the fluidity? Which form of the phospholipids bilayer is favorable form? Planar or sealed bilayer and why? Describe the asymmetry of the lipid bilayer and where and how this asymmetry is generated? Describe the different types of plasma membrane proteins and give examples. What are the different ways that proteins can associate with the lipid bilayer? How do polypeptide chains usually cross the lipid bilayer? Describe the structure of porin protein. Compare and contrast the structure and function of two different type of detergents used to solubilize the membrane proteins How do detergents wash the dirt off the clothes? Describe in detail the structure of bacteriorhodopsin and the photosynthetic reaction center What is cell cortex and describe the role of spectrin in red blood cell What are the different types of cell surface carbohydrates and how do they differ structurally How do carbohydrates help in cell-cell recognition during an immune response to an infection Using an experiment, prove that plasma membrane proteins can move Explain the FRAP technique What are the different features that restrict the lateral mobility of plasma membrane proteins

Explanation / Answer

1. The different types of amphipathic molecules in the plasma membrane are phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipids, and fatty acids.

2. Phospholipids of membrane

    Phosphatidylcholine

    Sphingomyelin

    Phosphatidylethnolamine

    Phosphatydilinositol

   Phosphatidylserine

    Phosphatidylglycerol

    Diphosphatidylglycerol (Cardiolipin)

    Phosphatidic acid

3. 2 fatty acid molecules linked to glycerol in Phospholipids. There is a phosphate group (and usually something else) linked to the third position on the glycerol.

In case of Glycolipids 2 fatty acids linked to glycerol, and then a carbohydrate molecule are linked to the third position of the glycerol.

The fluidity of a lipid bilayer depends on lipid structure. Lipid packing can influence the fluidity of the membrane. Phospholipids with saturated fatty acids pack tightly thus decrease membrane fluidity; while phospholipids with unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds, which tend to give tilt in the fatty acids chains. These tilted structures make them unable to fit tightly into the membrane, thus increases membrane fluidity.

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