1.What is the Cell Theory? Cells arose by spontaneous generation All organisms a
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Question
1.What is the Cell Theory?
Cells arose by spontaneous generation
All organisms are composed of cells, and all cells are derived from other cells
All cells have a cell wall
2.The bases (nucelotides) of the two DNA chains are linked in the middle of the molecule by _________ bonds.
hydrogen
ionic
covalent
3.What organelles generates cellular energy?
chloroplasts
mitochondria
lysosomes
ribosomes
Golgi apparatus
4.A substance having a pH of 2 would best be described as
neutrala weak acid
a weak base
a strong base
a strong acid
5.What do hydrophobic and hydrophilic mean?
likes water,hates water
likes hydrogen, hates hydrogen
hates water,likes water
6.Choose the membrane molecule responsible for aiding passage of molecules into and out of the cell.
Phospholipids
Transmembrane proteins
Cell surface proteins
7.The stomach secretes strong acid to digest food. Why doesn’t this acid digest the stomach itself?
the stomach also secretes bases
the stomach has a protective mucus lining
incoming food absorbs the acid
8.When phospholipids are mixed with water their ____ interact with water and their ____ are repelled, forming a lipid bilayer.
hydrophilic heads; hydrophobic tails
hydrophobic tails; hydrophilic heads
hydrophobic heads; hydrophilic tails
hydrophilic tails; hydrophobic heads
9.The first energy shell of an atom contains a maximum of ________ electron(s).
one
two
four
eight
10.Wood and cotton cloth are composed of
starch
glycogen
chitin
cellulose
11.Which particles carry out atomic reactions? (protons, neutrons or electrons)
neutrons
protons
electrons
12.Why does NaCl dissolve in water?
the polar nature of water disrupts the ionic attraction between Na and Cl
the polar nature of water disrupts the covalent bond of NaCl
NaCL has hydrogen bonds and so does water
13.What is the basic reaction by which biological monomers form polymers?
hydrolysis
dehydration
mechanical displacement
14.What are the four major groups of biological molecules?
large, small, medium, microscopic
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
positive, negative, neutral, inert
15.The prokaryotic structure that would protect a cell from drying out
cell wall
nucleus
plasma membrane
16.The carbohydrate that is found in plant cell walls is
starch
cellulose
chitin
starch
17.Within a single molecule of water, the bonds between oxygen and hydrogen are.
covalent bonds
ionic bonds
hydrogen bonds
18.Why is it essential for a eukaryotic cell to compartmentalize its functions?
to keep charged molecules apart
to selectively modify, transport and degrade materials
to prevent larger molecules from absorbing smaller ones
19.Water is best described as which of the following?
an ion
a non-polar molecule
an atom
a polar molecule
20.Which cellular structure is responsible for packaging materials with the cell?
mitochondria
chloroplasts
lysosomes
ribosomes
Golgi apparatus
21.An ion is an atom that has
gained electrons
a positive charge
lost electrons
a negative charge
All of these are correct
22.Individual water molecules bind to each other through
covalent bonds
ionic bonds
hydrogen bonds
23.What kind is it when one atom takes an electron from another atom?
ionic
covalent
hydrogen
24What is the theory of Endosymbiosis?
mitochondria and chloroplasts are derived from bacteria and algae
organelles funtion in tandem
some organisms benefit for each other
25.H+ and Na+ have the same charge. Why does H+ “attack" other molecules much more strongly than Na+?
H+ has more neutrons
Na+ sa more total protons
H+ is an unsheilded proton
26.Ice floats on water because
the molecules are closer together in ice than in water
the molecules are farther apart in ice than in water
ice is more dense than water
27.If an atom has an outer shell that is full it is
highly reactive
highly likely to combine with other atoms
highly unlikely to combine with other atoms
28.Why is ice less dense than liquid water?
as more hydrogen bonds form, water molecules pack less tightly together
as more hydrogen bonds form, water molecules pack more tightly together
water binds with oxygen as it solidifies
29.What allows a cell to maintain it shape?
the cell takes up water to remain round
the Golgi apparatus
the cytoskeleton
30.Isotopes of the same element are different from one another in that they have a different number of
neutron
electrons
protons
31.How do eukaryotic cells form tissues?
they are each either positively or negatively charged and are attracted to each other
their cell membranes fuse
they connect via the extracellular matrix
32.The bases (nucelotides) in each of the chains of DNA are linked by _________ bonds.
hydrogen
ionic
covalent
33.Penicillin halts bacterial infections
by interfering with the construction of the cell wall
by stimulating a person's immune system
by damaging the cell membrane
by causing the DNA of a bacterium to mutate
34.How does a eukaryotic cell membrane keep the cytosol in and the extracellular water out?
the cytosol is attracted to the central nucleus
ionic repulsion of water
the cell membrane is impermeable to water
35.The atomic number of an atom or element is the number of
neutron
electrons
protons
36.Which polymer serves as the information storage molecule for cells?
Carbohydrate
Nucleic acid
Protein
Lipids
37.Eukaryotes such as animal and plants cells differ from prokaryotes in that prokaryotes
lack protein
lack DNA
lack a nucleus
38.Animals store energy in a polymer composed of many glucose molecules called:
glycogen
cellulose
chitin
starch
39.How can small molecules make their way past the cell membrane?
they pass through transmembrane channel proteins
they are hydrophobic
they are hydrophilic
40.Which is the main component of cell membranes?
Cholesterol
Sucrose
proteins
Phospholipids
Explanation / Answer
Cell theory: All organisms are composed of cells, and all cells are derived from other cells
The bases (nucleotides) of the two DNA chains are linked in the middle of the molecule by hydrogen bonds.
Mitochondria are cellular organelles, which generates cellular energy.
A substance having a pH of 2 would best be described as a strong acid.
Hates water, likes water
Transmembrane proteins
the stomach has a protective mucus lining
When phospholipids are mixed with water their hydrophilic heads interact with water and their hydrophobic tails are repelled, forming a lipid bilayer.
The first energy shell of an atom contains a maximum of two electron(s).
Wood and cotton cloth are composed of cellulose
neutrons
the polar nature of water disrupts the ionic attraction between Na and Cl
dehydration
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
cell wall
cellulose
hydrogen bonds
to selectively modify, transport and degrade materials
a polar molecule
Golgi apparatus
All of these are correct
hydrogen bonds
ionic
mitochondria and chloroplasts are derived from bacteria and algae
H+ is an unsheilded proton
the molecules are farther apart in ice than in water
highly unlikely to combine with other atoms
as more hydrogen bonds form, water molecules pack less tightly together
the cytoskeleton
neutron
they connect via the extracellular matrix
covalent
by interfering with the construction of the cell wall
the cell membrane is impermeable to water
protons
Nucleic acid
lack a nucleus
glycogen
they pass through transmembrane channel proteins
Phospholipids
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